【摘要】 为提高传统静态破岩技术的破岩效率，自蔓延加热技术被发明和应用，但相关研究均基于50 mm以内孔径开展，限制了该技术的发展和应用。为此，基于60 mm孔径开展了自蔓延加热静态破岩实验，优化了自蔓延加热粉末配比；采用热缩管代替陶瓷管作为加热体系的外包装材料，降低成本的同时提高了加热体的发热量；与此同时，研发了防喷孔装置解决了大孔径易喷孔的难题，对比了膨胀剂采用加热体系和不采用加热体系工况下的膨胀压数值。结果表明：Fe₃O₄-Ⅱ的占比的提高能改善自蔓延加热粉末的颗粒级配，增大装药密度，但会影响加热管燃烧的稳定性；而惰性剂和助熔剂的掺入则会使自蔓延加热粉末颗粒级配变差，降低装药密度。Fe₃O₄-Ⅱ与惰性剂具有阻燃作用，助熔剂具有助燃作用，导致了不同配方的自蔓延加热管粉末燃烧时长与发热量不同，加热管最长燃烧时长为12 min8 s,是最短燃烧时长8 min的1.52倍，最大发热量为602.43 kJ,是最小发热量467.99 kJ的1.29倍。优化后的自蔓延加热体系能够延长1/2的加热时间；与陶瓷管作为外包材料相比，使用相同直径大小的热缩管制作的自蔓延加热管产生的发热量更高；大孔径静态膨胀剂中使用防喷孔装置有效解决喷孔问题的同时对膨胀压产生了增幅效果，其中由直径24 mm的厚壁管组成的防喷孔装置对膨胀压产生的增幅效果最大，且加热组中2.5 h左右的膨胀压是不加热组24 h膨胀压的2倍以上。研究结果以期促进静态破岩技术发展并拓展其工程应用场景。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance the rock-breaking efficiency of traditional static rock-breaking techniques, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technology has been invented and applied. However, relevant research has been conducted primarily on pore diameters within 50 mm, which limits the development and application of this technology. For this reason, the present study employs a static rock-breaking experiment utilizing self-propagating heating with a 60 mm hole diameter to optimize the composition ratio of self-propagating heating powder. Additionally, it incorporates heat-shrinkable tubes as the outer packaging material for the heating system, which reduces costs while simultaneously enhancing the system’s efficiency. Concurrently, research and development of a blow out preventer were conducted to address the challenges associated with large diameter hole. This research also included a comparison of the expansion pressure values of the expansion agent with and without a heating system under two distinct working conditions. The result shows that the increase in the proportion of Fe₃O₄-II can improve the particle size distribution of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis powder and increase the charge density, but it will affect the combustion stability of the heating tube. The addition of inert agents and fluxing agents will deteriorate the particle size distribution of the SHS powder and reduce the charge density. Fe₃O₄-II and inert agents have flame retardant effects, while fluxing agents have a combustion-supporting effect, resulting in different combustion durations and calorific values for SHS powder with different formulations. The longest combustion duration of the heating tube is 12 minutes and 08 seconds, which is 1.52 times the shortest combustion duration of 8 minutes. The maximum calorific value is 602.43 kJ, which is 1.29 times the minimum calorific value of 467.99 kJ.The findings indicate that the optimized self-propagating heating system can extend the heating duration by one-half. In comparison to ceramic tubes, which serve as the outer material, the self-propagating heating tubes made from heat-shrinkable tubes of the same diameter can generate a higher level of heat. In the case of the static expansion agent used in large diameter hole, the implementation of the blow out preventer effectively mitigated the spraying issue while simultaneously enhancing the expansion pressure. The blow out preventer, consisting of thick-walled tubes with a diameter of 24 mm, demonstrated the most significant increase in expansion pressure, with the expansion pressure in the heated group after 2.5 hours being more than twice that of the unheated group after 24 hours. The research results aim to promote the development of static rock-breaking technology and expand its engineering application scenarios.更多还原