【摘要】 【目的】探明砜吡草唑单用及其与不同除草剂混配施用对小麦田杂草的防除效果及小麦生长的安全性，筛选高效防除小麦田杂草的混用除草剂，为小麦田杂草科学防控提供参考。【方法】采用40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂及防除靶标不同的茎叶处理除草剂6%环吡氟草酮可分散油悬浮剂、41%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂、50 g/L双氟磺草胺悬浮剂开展小麦田除草试验，测定40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂单用及其与3种除草剂混配施用的株防效、鲜重防效及小麦产量，并观察小麦生长情况，评价各药剂处理小麦田杂草的防除效果及小麦的安全性。【结果】药后100 d各药剂单用处理对小麦株防效、鲜重防效差异不显著，40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂对杂草群体仍具有较好的防除效果（63.01%），但鲜重防效相对较差（39.46%）。药后100 d药剂混用处理对杂草群体株防效较砜吡草唑单用提高9.19～25.00百分点，各药剂处理间差异不显著；鲜重防效提高35.94～46.46百分点，其中，40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂+6%环吡氟草酮可分散油悬浮剂、40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂+50 g/L双氟磺草胺悬浮剂与砜吡草唑单用差异显著。40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂+6%环吡氟草酮可分散油悬浮剂主要通过提升对阔叶类杂草防效使得杂草群体防效较优，杂草群体株防效、鲜重防效分别为88.01%、82.02%。40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂+41%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂和40%砜吡草唑悬浮剂+50 g/L双氟磺草胺悬浮剂主要是扩大对禾本科杂草的杀草谱进而提升杂草群体防效，杂草群体株防效、鲜重防效分别为82.84%、75.40%和72.20%、85.92%。各药剂处理小麦产量差异不显著，且均对小麦生长安全。【结论】砜吡草唑对小麦田杂草防除效果较环吡氟草酮、吡氟酰草胺、双氟磺草胺好，且持效期长；砜吡草唑与环吡氟草酮、吡氟酰草胺、双氟磺草胺混用后均扩大药剂杀草谱、杂草综合防效提升、药剂持效期明显增长，且对小麦安全。当田间优势杂草为禾本科杂草时，可选环吡氟草酮与砜吡草唑混用；田间优势杂草为阔叶类时，优先选吡氟酰草胺与砜吡草唑混用。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The effects of single pyroxasulfone and pyroxasulfone mixed with different herbicides on weed control in wheat field and safety of wheat growth were investigated to screen efficient mixed herbicides against weeds in wheat fields and provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of weeds in wheat fields.【Method】The effects of 40% pyroxasulfone SC（T₁）, 6% cypyrafluone OD（T₂）, 41% diflufenican SC（T₃）, 50 g/L florasulam SC（T₄）,40% pyroxasulfone SC + 6% cypyrafluone OD（T₅）, 40% pyroxasulfone SC + 41% diflufenican SC（T₆）, 40%pyroxasulfone SC +50 g/L florasulam SC（T₇）, hand weeding（T₈） and blank control（T₉） on control efficiency of weed plant number and fresh weed weight, and wheat yield were determined to evaluate the weed control efficiency and wheat safety of different herbicides and herbicide combinations.【Result】There were no significant differences in control efficiency of weed plant number and fresh weed weight on 100 d after application of herbicides among T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄.40% pyroxasulfone SC（T₁） still had a good control effect（63.01%） on weed community, and a relative poor control effect（39.46%） on fresh weed weight. The control effect of 40% pyroxasulfone SC mixed with different herbicides（T₅, T₆ and T₇） on weed plant number on 100 d after application of herbicides was 9.19—25.00 percentage points higher than that of single 40% pyroxasulfone SC（T₁） but there was no significant difference among T₅, T₆ and T₇. The control effect of T₅,T₆ and T₇ on fresh weed weight was 35.94—46.46 percentage points higher than T₁, and the control effect of T₅ and T₇ on fresh weed weight was significantly higher than T₁. The control effects of T₅ with an excellent weed community control effect by improving the control effect of broadleaf weeds on weed plant number and fresh weed weight reached 88.01% and 82.02%. The control effect of T₆ and T₇ on weed plant number was improved by expanding herbicide controlling spectrum of gramineous weeds and their control effects on weed plant number and fresh weed weight were 82.84% and 75.40%, and 72.20% and 85.92% respectively. All tested herbicides and herbicide combinations had no significant difference in wheat yield and no harm to safe growth of wheat plants.【Conclusion】The control efficiency of pyroxasulfone SC with a long-lasting period against weeds in wheat fields is better than cypyrafluone, diflufenican and florasulam. The combinations of pyroxasulfone SC mixed with cypyrafluone, diflufenican and florasulam with a long-lasting period can expand their herbicide controlling spectrum and improve their comprehensive weed control efficiency and have no harm to safe growth of wheat plants. When grass weeds dominate in the field, a mixture of cypyrafluone and pyroxasulfone is recommended.For fields where broadleaf weeds are the dominant problem, a mixture of diflufenican and pyroxasulfone should be prioritized.更多还原