【摘要】 当前，我国法律规定中犯罪附随后果呈现权利限制永久性、适用对象扩大化、适用程序粗放化等特征，在实践中存在违背合宪性、违反罪责自负原则、一般预防过度扩张等诸多问题。完善轻微犯罪记录封存制度，对于防范犯罪附随后果的扩张、加强推进社会主义现代化建设意义重大。在立法层面，应当扩大轻微犯罪记录封存制度适用主体至特定成年人，拓展记录范围至全流程司法记录，纳入非刑罚与不起诉类处置方法，精准界定记录封存的排除范围，明确制度可扩大到的最大合理范围；在制度保障层面，构建监督、查询规则、解封触发、刑期折抵与衔接等关键保障机制，充分发挥制度功能，推动犯罪精准预防、促进轻罪者再社会化。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the collateral consequences of crimes stipulated in China’s laws are marked by permanent restriction of rights,expansion of applicable objects and extensive application procedures,resulting in many practical problems such as unconstitutionality,violation of the principle of personal liability for crimes and excessive expansion of general prevention. Improving the sealing system for minor criminal records is of great significance to preventing the expansion of collateral consequences of crimes and promoting the construction of socialist modernization. At the legislative level,the applicable subjects of the minor criminal record sealing system should be expanded to specific adults,the record scope should be extended to the whole-process judicial records,and nonpenal and non-prosecution disposal measures should be included. It is necessary to accurately define the exclusion scope of sealed records and clarify the maximum reasonable scope of system application. At the institutional guarantee level,key supporting mechanisms such as supervision,inquiry rules,unsealing triggering,sentence offset and institutional connection should be constructed to give full play to institutional functions,promote accurate crime prevention and accelerate the resocialization of minor offenders.更多还原