【摘要】 竹浆纤维具有天然抑菌性，但其抑菌成分至今尚不明确，为揭示竹浆纤维的抑菌性来源，测试分析了竹浆纤维的形态结构、元素和化学基团组成，并尝试采用溶剂萃取、溶解法提取竹浆纤维中的抑菌成分；为更有效地分离竹浆纤维中的抑菌成分，通过硫酸水解的方法将竹浆纤维降解成低分子物质，结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术分离、分析降解产物。结果表明，经溶剂萃取后，竹浆纤维仍保持较好的抑菌性；采用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物与碱/尿素体系溶解竹浆纤维，再于非溶剂中沉淀析出再生纤维素，对该再生纤维素进行抑菌性能测试时其菌落生长数量仍低于对照棉，证明部分抑菌成分与纤维素结合紧密；气相色谱-质谱联用分析表明，竹浆纤维水解产物中含有醛类、酚类、酮类等27种化合物，其中糠醇、糠醛、2-十一酮、麦芽酚、2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛5种化学成分，在相关研究中被证实具有抑菌活性，是竹浆纤维中的主要抑菌成分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Bamboo pulp fibers are a type of regenerated cellulose fiber, produced from bamboo pulp by wet spinning method, and the bamboo pulp is cellulose substance extracted from natural bamboo through a series of chemical processes. Bamboo pulp fibers have excellent properties such as moisture absorption, permeable properties, and good antibacterial properties. However, the antibacterial mechanism of bamboo pulp fibers has not been fully elucidated yet. The objective of this study is to explore the antibacterial activity and functional components of bamboo pulp fibers, thereby establishing a theoretical foundation for the development and practical application of related products.Method The shaking flask method was employed to determine the antibacterial rate of bamboo pulp fibers. The morphological structure, elemental composition, and chemical group composition of fibers were tested by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), organic elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy. In order to further seperate antibacterial components in the bamboo pulp fibers, the method of dissolving bamboo pulp fibers with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide(NMMO) and alkali/urea were used, then cellulose was precipitated in a non-solvent. Finally, the bamboo pulp fibers were degraded by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. A two-step sulfuric acid degradation method was adopted, and bamboo fibers were degraded with a concentrated sulfuric acid solution at low temperature, followed by dilute acid at an elevated temperature. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was adopted to separate and analyze the components in the bamboo pulp fibers.Results The SEM results showed that uneven grooves and cracks appeared in the surface of bamboo pulp fibers, making the fibers dry, which is unfavorable for bacterial survival and reproduction. Organic elemental analysis results indicated that bamboo pulp fibers are mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements, together with 0.20% nitrogen element. The infrared spectroscopy results indicated that bamboo pulp fibers have the characteristic absorption peaks of cellulose. After extraction with solvents such as methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate, the antibacterial rate of bamboo pulp fibers decreased slightly but remained 70% or above, indicating that the antibacterial components in bamboo pulp fibers were not effectively separated. The regenerated cellulose from bamboo pulp fibers dissolved by NMMO had an antibacterial rate of 48.20% against Escherichia coli, while that dissolved by the alkali/urea system had an antibacterial rate of 67.60% against Escherichia coli, indicating that the antibacterial components in bamboo pulp fibers were not completely isolated, which proved that some antibacterial components were tightly bound to cellulose. The experiments on degradation of bamboo pulp fibers demonstrated that the sugar yield was the highest when the sulfuric acid concentration was 53%. Barium salt was added to remove sulfate ions from the bamboo fiber degradation solution. The GC-MS results analysis indicated that the hydrolysate of bamboo pulp fibers contained 27 compounds including carbohydrates, aldehydes, phenols, ketones and other substances. Among them, 5 chemical components, namely furfuryl alcohol, furfural, 2-undecan-one, maltol, and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, had been confirmed to possess antibacterial activity and are the main antibacterial components in bamboo pulp fibers.Conclusion The study on the antibacterial activity and antibacterial components of bamboo pulp fibers demonstrated that bamboo pulp fibers exert a stable inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity of bamboo pulp fibers originates from the synergistic effect of multiple antibacterial components and the micromorphological structure. The study on the antibacterial activity and antibacterial components of bamboo pulp fibers provides a theoretical basis for the development of bamboo pulp fiber products.更多还原