【摘要】 电离辐射作为一种重要的胁迫手段，能够对生物体造成损伤，其对生物体造成DNA损伤的机制已得到较为明确的解析。随着研究深入，电离辐射的生物效应研究已从经典的DNA损伤与修复机制，逐步拓展至表观遗传学这一新兴前沿领域。本文系统地综述了电离辐射对植物表观遗传修饰影响的研究进展，重点探讨了DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA及RNA甲基化等表观遗传机制在辐射胁迫下的动态变化及其生物学意义。为理解辐射表观遗传效应提供了理论基础，并对辐射防护、癌症治疗与作物育种等领域具有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ionizing radiation serves as a significant stressor capable of inflicting damage on organisms, and the mechanisms underlying its DNA-damaging effects have been increasingly elucidated. As research has advanced, the investigation of the biological effects of ionizing radiation has progressively shifted from traditional mechanisms of DNA damage and repair to the emerging field of epigenetics. This paper systematically reviews the progress in understanding the effects of ionizing radiation on epigenetic modifications in plants, emphasizing the dynamic alterations in epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA, and RNA methylation in response to radiation stress, as well as their biological significance. This review provides a theoretical foundation for comprehending the epigenetic effects of radiation and holds substantial reference value in the domains of radiation protection, cancer treatment, and crop breeding.更多还原