【摘要】 为探究花器官脱落后西番莲植株功能叶及花柄离层部位主要生理指标及形态结构的响应特征,以“台农1号”西番莲（Passifloraedulis Sims）为试材,测定分析落花二级枝蔓的第1～3片叶（T1）、第4～6片叶（T2）、花柄离区部位（T3）;正常花芽发育二级枝蔓的第1～3片叶（K1）、第4～6片叶（K2）、花柄离区部位（K3）蔗糖、淀粉含量,蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶、过氧化物酶等酶活性,以及吲哚乙酸、脱落酸、细胞分裂素、玉米素核苷等内源激素含量,并对花柄离层部位显微组织结构进行解剖观察。结果表明,西番莲花器官脱落后,枝蔓第1～3片叶、第4～6片叶中蔗糖、淀粉含量及蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶活性下降,而花柄离层区部位反而提高;-淀粉酶也升高。花器官脱落枝蔓的第1～3片叶、第4～6片叶及花柄离层部位中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶活性较正常枝蔓高,尤其以花柄离层部位活性最高。花器官脱落枝蔓第1～3、第4～6片叶、花柄中赤霉素（GA₃）和吲哚乙酸含量升高,第1～3、第4～6片中脱落酸含量也升高,花柄离层区部位反而下降;细胞分裂素与玉米素核苷也是同样的变化规律。西番莲花器官脱落后,花柄离层组织结构变化较大,其切片染色较浅,细胞数较少,表皮细胞体积较大、排列疏松,髓部细胞体积变大、细胞排列松散,维管束细胞排列松散无序,内含物（淀粉粒）降解,部分维管束发生降解、塌陷。总之,西番莲花器官脱落后影响植株碳水化合物等营养物质重新分配及内源激素内在平衡关系,导致花柄离区结构发生较大变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the response characteristics of main physiological indices and morphological structure in functional leaves and flower stalk abscission zone following floral organ abscission,passion fruit variety Tainong No.1(Passi flora edulis Sims) was used as the experimental material.The sucrose and starch contents,enzyme activities of sucrose phosphate synthase,sucrose synthase,and peroxidase(POD),as well as the endogenous hormone levels of indole-3-acetic acid,abscisic acid,cytokinin,and zeatin riboside,were determined and analyzed in the 1st to 3rd leaves(T1) and the 4th to 6th leaves(T2)on secondary branches with flower drop,and in the pedicel abscission zone(T3).Similarly,these parameters were also determined in the 1st to 3rd leaves(K1),the 4th to 6th leaves(K2),and the pedicel abscission zone of flowers(K3) on secondary branches with normal flower bud development.In addition,anatomical observations were conducted on the microstructure of the pedicel abscission zone.The results showed that after floral organ abscission,the contents of sucrose and starch,as well as the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase,decreased in both the 1st to 3rd leaves and the 4th to 6th leaves of the branches.In contrast,these parameters in the pedicel abscission zone increased,and the activity of α-amylase also rose.The activities of POD and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) in the 1st to 3rd leaves,4th to 6th leaves,and pedicel abscission zone of the shoots with flowering organ abscission were higher than those in normal shoots,with the highest activities observed in the pedicel abscission zone.The contents of GA3 and IAA increased in the 1st to 3rd leaves,the 4th to 6th leaves and the pedicel of the branches with flowering organ abscission.Meanwhile,the ABA contents in the 1st to 3rd leaves,and the 4th to6th leaves were increased,but decreased in the pedicel abscission zone.The changes in the contents of CTK and ZR also followed the same pattern.After the floral organ abscised,the tissue structure of the pedicel abscission layer obviously changed.The stained sections occurred lighter in color,with fewer cells,and the epidermal cells had large volumes and were loosely arranged.Pulp cells showed an increase in volume and were also arranged loosely.The vascular bundle cells were arranged loosely and disorderedly,and the starch granules within them were degraded.Some vascular bundles were degraded and collapsed.In summary,the abscission of flower organs affected the redistribution of nutrients such as carbohydrates and the internal balance of endogenous hormones in passionflower,which led to significant changes in the structure of the pedicel abscission zone.更多还原