【摘要】 明清时期，山西乡村为应对外部军事压力和社会动荡，普遍修筑防御性的堡寨，由此形成“堡寨社会”。堡寨社会的实质是聚落空间的防御性重组，其“堡人共同体”依托官民协同的复合治理结构运行，官方行政引导与地方乡绅、宗族等自治实践相互交织。堡寨社会的韧性根植于动态循环的防御知识体系与空间联结网络。它通过边界塑造、官民协同治理、规约制度化及防御知识传承等方式形成，是具有高度组织性与认同感的地缘共同体。其建构与维系机制，既是传统基层社会在危机中自我组织、调适与延续的能动过程，也是地方社会围绕“防御”这一核心逻辑对空间、权力与认同进行系统性重组的产物。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the Ming and Qing periods, villages in Shanxi generally built defensive forts to cope with external military pressures and social unrest, forming a "fortress society". The essence of fortress societies lies in the defensive reorganization of settlement spaces. The operation of fortress communities relies on a composite governance structure combining government and civilian cooperation, where official administrative guidance is intertwined with local gentry, clans, and other forms of self-governance.The resilience of fortress societies is rooted in a dynamic, cyclical system of defensive knowledge and spatial connection networks, forming highly organized and cohesive local communities through boundary delineation, collaborative governance between officials and citizens, institutionalized regulations, and the transmission of defensive knowledge. The construction and maintenance mechanisms of fort-societies are not only a dynamic process through which traditional grassroots societies organize, adapt, and persist in times of crisis, but also the result of local communities systematically reorganizing space, power, and identity around the central logic of "defense".更多还原