【摘要】 目的 比较不同疗程氨苄西林联合头孢噻肟治疗早产儿早发型败血症（EOS）的效果。方法 选取2023年1月至2024年12月于茂名市人民医院新生儿科住院治疗的EOS患儿29例进行回顾性分析，依据氨苄西林联合头孢噻肟疗程分为短疗程组（7～10 d,14例）和长疗程组（> 10 d,15例）。比较两组间治疗有效率、死亡率、并发症发生情况、住院时间、免疫指标。结果 两组治疗有效率、死亡率比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。短疗程组早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）、支气管肺发育不良（BPD）、晚发型败血症（LOS）的发生率低于长疗程组，住院时间短于长疗程组（P<0.05）。短疗程组白细胞计数、血小板计数、淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比均优于长疗程组（P<0.05）。结论 氨苄西林联合头孢噻肟治疗早产儿EOS时，7～10 d短疗程可降低ROP、BPD、LOS等并发症发生率，缩短住院时间，维持机体免疫功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the efficacy of different courses of Ampicillin combined with Cefotaxime in the treatment of early-onset sepsis(EOS) in preterm infants. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 29 preterm infants with EOS admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Maoming People’s Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. They were divided into the short-course group(7-10 days, 14 cases) and the long-course group(> 10 days, 15 cases) according to the treatment course of Ampicillin combined with Cefotaxime. The treatment efficacy rate, mortality rate, incidence of complications, length of hospital stay, and immune indicators were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the treatment efficiency rate and mortality rate between the two group(P > 0.05). The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), broncho-pulmonary dysplasia(BPD), and late-onset sepsis(LOS) in the short-course group was lower than that in the long-course group, and the hospital stay time was shorter than that in the long course group(P < 0.05). The white blood cell count, platelet count, lymphocyte percentage, and neutrophil percentage in the short-course group were better than those in the longcourse group(P < 0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of preterm infants with EOS with Ampicillin combined with Cefotaxime, a short course of 7-10 day can reduce the incidence of complications such as ROP, BPD, and LOS, shorten hospital stay time, and maintain the immune function.更多还原