【摘要】 本文旨在考察拉斯普京和别洛夫的诗学体系中文学典范的形成、发展和嬗变规律。本文梳理了圣徒文学传统从中世纪到20世纪的演变轨迹，特别是19世纪俄罗斯经典文学对老范本的更新与内涵重塑。文章重点关注拉斯普京的《最后的期限》和《活着，可要记住》、别洛夫的《亚历山大·涅夫斯基大公》和《这样的战争》里中世纪圣徒传典范的转型。研究表明，中世纪的和经典的体裁传统在乡村散文诗学中得到了更新。如果说在别洛夫的诗学中，圣徒传记文学传统的运用融入了民间生活及其内在哲学，那么拉斯普京的作品中则体现了迫切发展圣徒传传统的文学性需求。对更新后的圣徒传模式的分析证明，读者通过对主人公、圣徒和义人的移情共鸣而体验到的精神蜕变的净化效应，对于典范以及体裁本身都至关重要。文学典范及其传统的更新需要历经不同的考验阶段，其具体形态取决于社会历史语境和读者的集体思维方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of the article is to consider the laws of formation, development and modification of the literary canon in the poetics of V. G. Rasputin and V. I. Belov. The author’s tasks include the study of the movement of hagiographic tradition from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century-through refraction in the Russian classics of the ⅩⅨ century, which updated old samples and invested their content in them. A special attention is paid to the transformation of the medieval hagiographic canon in “The Last Term” and “Live and remember” by V. G. Rasputin, “Prince Alexander Nevsky” and “Such a War” by V. I. Belov. The author comes to the conclusion that in poetics of Village Prose there is a renewal of the medieval and classical genre tradition. However, if Belov’s poetics the implementation of hagiographic tradition is dissolved in the folk life and its interior philosophy, then in Rasputin’s works the literary development of hagiographic patterns is more in demand. The analysis of the updated hagiographic model proves that the cathartic efect of purification and spiritual transformation, experienced by the reader through empathy and compassion for the hero, saint and righteous, is of key importance in the implementation of this canon and in genre itself. In general, the study proves that the renewal of literary canon and its tradition involves the periods of trial, depending on the socio-historical circumstances and the collective mindset of readers.更多还原