【摘要】 面向航空电动推进对高功率密度与功率可调的需求，本文针对超导单极发电机(Superconducting Homopolar Generator, SHG)开展电磁设计研究。首先，建立77 K液氮环境下的超导励磁磁体模型，基于E-J特性与T-A求解方法对比分析含腔体与无腔体两种结构的线圈性能，得到超导线圈的临界电流分别为97.28 A与102.04 A。随后，以实际临界电流为励磁约束构建SHG三维电磁模型，分析不同励磁电流条件下的气隙磁场与输出性能。结果表明，超导励磁在气隙磁场中占据主导地位，气隙磁密最高可达1.37 T,显著高于永磁部分1.04 T的贡献；在临界电流励磁范围内，输出功率随励磁电流由纯永磁励磁下的108.8 kW提升至临界电流条件下的378.1 kW。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the requirements of high power density and power controllability for aero-electric propulsion applications, this paper investigates the electromagnetic design of a Superconducting Homopolar Generator(SHG). First, a superconducting excitation magnet model operating at 77 K in a liquid nitrogen environment was established. The performance of coil structures with and without an internal cavity was comparatively analyzed based on the E-J constitutive relation and the T-A formulation, yielding calculated critical currents of 97.28 A and 102.04 A, respectively. Subsequently, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model of the SHG was developed using the actual critical current as the excitation constraint to evaluate the air-gap magnetic field and output performance across various excitation levels. The results demonstrate that superconducting excitation dominates the air-gap magnetic field, achieving a peak flux density of 1.37 T,significantly higher than the 1.04 T contributed by the permanent-magnet component. Within the allowable excitation range, the output power increases from 108.8 kW under pure permanent-magnet excitation to 378.1 kW at the critical current.更多还原