【摘要】 针对低温流体相分布测量的技术难题,详细报道了针对适用于航空航天推进剂管理的低温电容层析成像（ECT）技术的研究进展。通过优化混合神经网络模型等反演算法、改进低温传感器结构设计、研制高精度微电容测量电路、开展系统集成实验等措施,验证ECT技术的可行性。现有研究实现了液氮-氮蒸气两相流的ECT反演成像,成像频率超过2 Hz,相含率误差低于1%,与真实两相流分布的相关系数高于95%;同时开发出柔性电极传感器,显著提升信噪比,电容灵敏度达10^-13F,并在LNG管路中成功示范实时成像。研究结论指出,低温ECT技术未来需向三维成像、人工智能驱动的智慧化及模块化传感器系统方向发展,以提升在轨推进剂管理的精确性和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the technical challenge of measuring phase distribution in cryogenic fluids, a detailed report on the research progress of cryogenic electrical capacitance tomography（ECT） technology was provided,which was applicable to the management of aerospace propellants. The feasibility of ECT technology was verified through measuring such as optimizing inversion algorithms like hybrid neural network models,improving the design of low-temperature sensor structures,developing high-precision micro-capacitance measurement circuits,and conducting system integration experiments. Existing research had achieved ECT reconstruction imaging of liquid nitrogen-nitrogen vapor two-phase flow,with the imaging frequency exceeding 2 Hz,the phase fraction error below 1%,and the correlation coefficient with the real distribution higher than 95%.Furthermore,a flexible electrode sensor with a capacitance sensitivity of 10^-13F was developed,significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio,with a capacitance sensitivity of 10^-13F,and successfully demonstrating real-time imaging in LNG pipelines. In conclusion,future development of cryogenic ECT technology should focus on three-dimensional imaging,artificial intelligence-driven intelligence,and modular sensor systems,which have the potential to enhance the precision and reliability of in-orbit propellant management.更多还原