【摘要】 为研究市域铁路车辆状态对轮轨系统振动的影响，建立车辆-轨道-隧道垂向耦合动力学模型，分析行车速度、列车载客量、轮对质量和车轮多边形对车辆、轨道和隧道振动响应的影响机制。研究结果表明：随着列车运行速度由100 km/h提升至160 km/h，隧道振动源强相应从68.05 dB上升至72.06 dB；随着列车载客量的增加，车辆垂向平稳性指标逐渐减小，轮轨垂向力、钢轨垂向位移、钢轨垂向加速度、钢轨最大Z振级和隧道垂向位移逐渐增加，隧道的垂向加速度和最大Z振级基本保持不变；列车载客量主要影响10 Hz以下频率范围内的隧道振动响应，在10 Hz以上频率范围内，隧道振动响应主要由轮轨不平顺控制，导致空载、满载和超载3种工况下隧道加速度级无显著差异；增加轮对质量会导致钢轨和隧道的最大Z振级增加；在车辆的日常养护维修过程中，要避免车轮多边形激励频率与轮轨系统P2共振频率出现重合现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the influence of vehicle conditions on wheel-rail system vibration in surburban railways, a vertically coupled dynamic vehicle-track-tunnel model is established, and the influence mechanism of operating speed, train passenger load, wheelset mass and wheel polygonalization on the vibration response of vehicle, rail and tunnel is analyzed in detail. The research results show that with the train speed increasing from 100 km/h to 160 km/h, tunnel vibration source strength increases from 68.05 dB to 72.06 dB. With the increase of train passenger load, the vertical ride comfort index of vehicles gradually decreases, while the vertical wheel-rail force, rail vertical displacement and acceleration, maximum Z vibration level of the rail, and tunnel vertical displacement gradually increase, while the tunnel vertical acceleration and maximum Z-vibration level remain basically unchanged. Passenger load mainly affects the tunnel vibration response below 10 Hz. Above 10 Hz, the response is governed primarily by wheel–rail irregularities, and the tunnel acceleration level shows no significant differences among no-load, full-load, and overload conditions. Increasing wheelset mass increases the maximum Z vibration level of the rail and tunnel. During routine vehicle maintenance, the excitation frequency of wheel polygonalization should be prevented from coinciding with the wheel–rail system P2 resonance frequency.更多还原