【摘要】 【目的】针对离网型风储制氢系统中风电功率强波动性导致电解槽运行不稳定、启停频繁、效率下降等问题，提出一种不依赖风功率预测的多场景功率平滑控制策略。【方法】基于一阶低通滤波原理构建平滑功率指令方程，依据碱性电解槽的工作特性与效率特性，将其运行过程划分为启动、高效、额定及过载四个典型场景，并为各场景独立配置平滑因子。通过储能系统实时补偿风电与电解槽之间的功率差额，利用状态机实现运行场景的动态切换，构建多场景协调控制架构，实现对风电波动的自适应平滑。【结果】仿真结果表明，与现有控制方法相比，所提策略能够显著平抑电解槽输入功率波动，有效提升系统运行平稳性与制氢效率。【结论】在基本不增加系统总能耗的前提下，该策略可大幅延长电解槽高效运行时间、减少启停次数，并提高单位能耗产氢量，表现出良好的综合性能。为离网型风储制氢系统提供了一种结构清晰、鲁棒性强且不依赖预测的功率平滑解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To address the problems of electrolyzer operation instability, frequent start-stop cycles, and efficiency reduction caused by strong wind power fluctuations in off-grid wind-storage hydrogen production systems, a power smoothing control strategy for multiple scenarios that does not rely on wind power forecasting is proposed. [Methods] Based on the principle of first-order low-pass filtering, a smoothed power command equation is constructed. According to the working and efficiency characteristics of alkaline electrolyzers, the operation process is divided into four typical scenarios: startup, high-efficiency, rated, and overload, with smoothing factors independently configured for each scenario. The energy storage system compensates in real-time for the power difference between wind power and the electrolyzer, and dynamic switching of operating scenarios is achieved using a state machine to build a multi-scenario coordinated control architecture, realizing adaptive smoothing of wind power fluctuations. [Results] Simulation results show that, compared with existing control methods, the proposed strategy can significantly suppress fluctuations in electrolyzer input power and effectively improve system operation stability and hydrogen production efficiency. [Conclusions] The strategy can greatly extend the highefficiency operating time of the electrolyzer, reduce the number of start-stop cycles, and increase hydrogen production per unit energy consumption without substantially increasing the total system energy consumption, demonstrating good comprehensive performance. This provides a power smoothing solution with a clear structure, strong robustness, and no reliance on forecasting for off-grid wind-storage hydrogen production systems.更多还原