【摘要】 清洁高效的超超临界燃煤发电技术是能源领域的重要发展方向，其中，作为核心部件的转子，其材料性能直接决定了机组的热效率与运行可靠性。本文系统梳理了9～12%Cr马氏体耐热钢的研究进展，全面阐述了耐热钢中元素作用及其强化机理，通过对比COST-E、FB2及C630R等高温转子材料的组织特征与性能，深入阐释了其“成分设计-微观组织-服役性能”之间的内在关联，并在此基础上，对高性能转子材料的工程应用与未来更高参数材料研发提出了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Clean and efficient ultra-supercritical coal-fired power technology represents a critical direction in the energy sector, wherein the material performance of rotors, as core components, directly determines the thermal efficiency and operational reliability of the units.This paper systematically reviews the research progress of 9～12 % Cr martensitic heat-resistant steels, comprehensively elaborates on the role of alloying elements and their strengthening mechanisms, and compares the microstructure and high-temperature performance of high-temperature rotor alloys such as COST-E,FB2,and C630R.The intrinsic relationships among “composition design, microstructure, and service performance” are thoroughly interpreted.Based on these analyses, prospects for the engineering application of high-performance rotor materials and the development of future materials for higher parameters are proposed.更多还原