【摘要】 为探究阿维菌素、甲维盐、噻虫胺3种农药对落叶松毛虫（Dendrolimus superansButler）的毒力及对体内保护酶和解毒酶系的影响，采用药膜法测定三者对落叶松毛虫幼虫的室内毒杀效果，并测定以其致死中质量浓度(LC₅₀)处理后，落叶松毛虫幼虫的保护酶及解毒酶活性。结果表明：阿维菌素、甲维盐、噻虫胺处理72 h时，落叶松毛虫幼虫致死中质量浓度分别为0.166、9.931、0.569 mg^/L。与对照相比，致死中质量浓度的3种农药处理均能激活落叶松毛虫体内的保护酶和解毒酶参与到解毒工作中，从而影响落叶松毛虫的生理功能。三者处理后，酶活性变化多呈现先升后降或先降后升的趋势，不同的是，噻虫胺处理能显著诱导保护酶活性的提高，使其参与到解毒工作中；而阿维菌素与之相反，对保护酶产生了明显的抑制作用，但能有效诱导解毒酶活性的提高，从而达到代谢有毒物质的目的；甲维盐处理的酶活性总体上一直低于对照，对保护酶与解毒酶皆产生了明显的抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the toxicity of three pesticides（abamectin,emamectin benzoate,and clothianidin） to Dendrolimus superans Butler,as well as their impacts on the activities of protective enzymes and detoxification enzyme systems in the insect,the film method was used to determine the indoor toxic effects of the three pesticides on D.superans larvae.Additionally,the activities of protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes in the larvae were measured after treatment with the median lethal concentration(LC₅₀) of each pesticide.The results showed that the LC₅₀ values of abamectin,emamectin benzoate,and clothianidin against D.superans larvae at 72 h post-treatment were 0.166,9.931,and 0.569 mg/L,respectively.Compared with the control group,treatment with the three pesticides at their respective LC₅₀ could activate the protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes in D.superans to participate in detoxification,thereby affecting the physiological functions of the insect.After treatment with the three pesticides,the changes in enzyme activity mostly showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,or first decreasing and then increasing.The differences were as follows:clothianidin treatment significantly induced the increase of protective enzyme activity,enabling them to participate in detoxification.In contrast,abamectin had a significant inhibitory effect on protective enzymes,but could effectively induce the increase of detoxification enzyme activity to achieve the purpose of metabolizing toxic substances.The enzyme activity in the emamectin benzoate treatment group was generally lower than that in the control group,and emamectin benzoate had a significant inhibitory effect on both protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes.更多还原