【摘要】 随着我国经济发展模式全面转向高质量增长，进一步深化地方政府债务管理改革，使其更好地适应新发展阶段的要求，是财政科学管理的一项重要内容。我国地方政府债务管理经历了从计划经济时期的初步探索到分税制改革后的逐步完善，再到新时代“开前门、堵后门”法治化框架建立的演进过程，在构建制度框架、化解存量风险、提升透明度、加速市场化程度，以及强化纪律观念等方面取得了显著成效，但仍面临债务规模持续扩张、债务结构失衡，以及融资平台转型困难的现实情况。“十五五”期间应进一步优化政府债务宏观结构；加强专项债管理，化解其结构性风险；深化融资平台分类改革，破解转型困境及隐性债务风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Local government debt plays a significant role in driving public infrastructure development, safeguarding social wellbeing, and promoting sustainable economic and social progress. As China’s economic development mode has fully transformed to high-quality growth, deepening reforms in local government debt management to meet the demand of the new development era is a key component of strengthening fiscal management. Local government debt management of China has evolved from initial exploration during the planned economy period to gradual improvement after the taxsharing reform, culminating in the establishment of a legal framework in the new era that "opens the front door while blocking the back door". Crucial achievements have been made in establishing institutional frameworks, resolving existing risks, enhancing transparency and marketization, and reinforcing the concept of discipline. With current challenges of expanded debt scales, accelerated structural imbalances, and difficulties in the transformation of financing platforms. During the 15 th Five-Year Plan period, we should further optimize the scale and structure of government debt, strengthen the full-life cycle management of special bonds, advance the market-oriented transformation of financing platforms in a classified manner, and establish a long-term mechanism that encompasses full-caliber supervision, cross-departmental coordination, lifelong accountability and market-based debt resolution, so as to provide policy references for developing a government debt management system that is compatible with high-quality development.更多还原