【摘要】 为探究滴灌交替周期对温室基质栽培番茄产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响，确定合理的滴灌交替周期，本研究以‘京采6号’番茄为试材，在日光温室里开展了滴灌番茄基质栽培试验。研究了T0（不交替）、T2（交替周期2 d）、T3（交替周期3 d）、T4（交替周期4 d）等4个交替周期和M1（椰糠）、M2（椰糠∶牛粪∶草炭∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1∶1）、M3（椰糠∶珍珠岩=1∶1）、M4（椰糠∶牛粪∶草炭∶珍珠岩=0.5∶1∶1.5∶2）等4种基质类型对番茄生长及耗水的影响。结果表明，随着交替周期的延长，番茄果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C及番茄红素含量逐渐增加。其中，M4T3处理可溶性固形物和蛋白质含量均最高，分别为8.00%和2.95mg/g，较CK处理（M1T0）显著提高了27.19%和137.90%；交替周期的延长在一定程度上有利于番茄产量和水分利用效率的提高。各处理中，M4T3产量和水分利用效率均最高，分别为43 562.11 kg/hm~2和43.92 kg/m~3，较CK处理显著提高了32.39%和44.57%。在4个交替周期条件下，均以M4基质栽培番茄产量最高。主成分分析结果显示M4T3处理综合评价得分最高。因此，建议在类似种植条件下，以M4T3处理为参考进行温室番茄基质选取及滴灌交替周期确定，可获得优质高效的种植结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effect of drip irrigation alternation cycle on the yield, quality and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomatoes cultivated with substrate and determine the reasonable drip irrigation alternation cycle, tomato cultivar Jingcai No. 6 was used for substrate cultivation experiment in a solar greenhouse with drip irrigation. The effects of four alternation cycles and four substrate types were studied on tomato growth and water consumption. Four alternation cycles comprised T0(no alternation), T2(alternation cycle 2 d), T3(alternation cycle 3 d), T4(alternation cycle 4 d), and four substrate types was M1(coconut bran), M2(coconut bran : cow dung : peat : perlite = 2 : 1 : 1 : 1), M3(coconut bran : perlite = 1 : 1), M4(coconut bran : cow dung : peat : perlite = 0.5:1 : 1.5 : 2). The results showed that the soluble solids, soluble sugars, vitamin C and lycopene contents of tomato fruits gradually increased with the extension of the alternation cycle. The soluble solids(8.00%) and protein contents(2.95 mg/g) of the M4T3 treatment were the highest that were 27.19% and 137.90% significantly higher compared with the CK(M1T0). The extension of the alternation cycle was beneficial to the improvement of tomato yield and water use efficiency to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the yield and water use efficiency of M4T3 were the highest among all treatments, which were 43 562.11 kg/hm~2 and 43.92 kg/m~3 respectively, showing significantly increased of 32.39% and 44.57% compared with the CK. Under the conditions of the four alternation cycles, the yield of tomato cultivated with the M4 substrate was the highest. The results of principal component analysis showed that the M4T3 treatment displayed the highest comprehensive evaluation score. Therefore, the M4T3 treatment was recommended for greenhouse tomato cultivation under normal planting condition to obtain high-quality and efficient planting.更多还原