【摘要】 目的:建立一种快速、高效的DNA提取方法，解决中药材成分复杂，DNA提取困难的问题，以便于利用DNA分子鉴定技术实现中药材及其成药当中原料药的真伪鉴定。方法:针对中药材来源多样，成分复杂的特点，对传统CTAB法和试剂盒法进行改进和优化，考察药材粉末的CTAB加入比例、蛋白酶K和α-高聚淀粉酶的加入量以及水浴温度和水浴时间。结果:当加入药材粉末15 mg,CTAB 300 m L，蛋白酶K(20 mg/m L) 20μL、α-高聚淀粉酶(75 mg/m L) 20μL,95℃水浴1-5 min,DNA提取效率最高。结论:本文创新性采用复合酶解体系DNA提取法，相比于传统CTAB法和试剂盒法，大大减少了提取时间，提高了提取效率，适用于根茎类、花叶类等各类中药材，并且在富含淀粉的中药材的DNA提取方法中优势显著，为中药材的分子鉴定奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To establish a rapid and efficient DNA extraction method to address the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the difficulties in DNA extraction,thereby facilitating the authentication of raw materials in traditional Chinese medicines and their preparations using DNA molecular identification techniques. Methods: Considering the diverse sources and complex components of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,the traditional CTAB method and commercial kit method were improved and optimized. The CTAB addition ratio to powdered herbs,the amounts of proteinase K and α-amylase,as well as the water bath temperature and time were investigated. Results: The highest DNA extraction efficiency was achieved when 15 mg of powdered herb was used,with 300 m L of CTAB,20 μL of proteinase K( 20 mg/m L),20 μL of α-amylase( 75 mg/m L),and a water bath at95℃ for 1-5 min. Conclusion: This study innovatively employed a composite enzymatic lysis system for DNA extraction. Compared with the traditional CTAB and commercial kit methods,this method significantly reduced extraction time and increased extraction efficiency. It is applicable to various types of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,including roots and rhizomes,as well as flowers and leaves. Moreover,it shows significant advantages in the DNA extraction of starch-rich medicinal materials,laying the foundation for the molecular identification of traditional Chinese medicines.更多还原