【摘要】 【目的】为深入探明玉米穗轴形态差异及其分子调控机理。【方法】在观察玉米圆轴自交系HZ-3及其扁轴突变体(fea7-L)形态特征的基础上，对两材料不同发育时期的转录组特征及植物激素表达量进行了系统分析。【结果】结果表明，正常圆轴与扁轴突变体在穗分化初期发生形态变化，转录水平和激素含量上均表现出明显差异。差异表达基因的功能富集分析显示，差异基因主要富集于细胞发育、生长调控、激素响应及代谢过程等生物学功能。植物激素代谢响应方面，不同穗轴类型在穗分化早期已形成明显差异的激素水平。扁轴突变体在穗分化初期的吲哚-3-乙酸(生长素)、顺式玉米素(细胞分裂素)以及茉莉酸的含量较低、赤霉素含量较高。【结论】从转录调控与激素代谢两个层面，为玉米穗轴形态分化的调控机制提供了综合性证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To explore the morphological differences in maize cobs and their underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms.[Methods]This study systematically analyzed the transcriptome characteristics and phytohormone expression levels at different developmental stages of the round-cob inbred line HZ-3 and its flat-cob mutant(fea7-L),based on observations of their morphological traits.[Results]The results showed that morphological changes between the normal round cob and the flat-cob mutant occurred during the early stage of panicle differentiation, accompanied by significant differences at both the transcriptional level and hormone content.Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that these genes were primarily involved in cell development, growth regulation, hormone response, and metabolic processes.In terms of phytohormone metabolism and response, distinct hormonal profiles were established between the two cob types during early panicle differentiation.Specifically, the flat-cob mutant exhibited lower contents of indole-3-acetic acid(auxin),cis-zeatin(cytokinin),and jasmonic acid, along with higher gibberellin content during the early differentiation stage.[Conclusion]These findings provide comprehensive evidence from the perspectives of transcriptional regulation and hormone metabolism, shedding light on the regulatory mechanisms underlying maize cob morphological differentiation.更多还原