【摘要】 独特的历史进程与殖民印记相互交织,共同塑造了非洲各国极为独特且复杂的语言生态格局。在共建“一带一路”与构建“中非命运共同体”的背景下,加强非洲国家语言政策研究,不仅契合时代发展的迫切需求,也对进一步深化中非文明互鉴和全方位合作大有裨益。非洲国家欲传承和发展自身语言文化、实现稳定快速发展,必须大力提升本土语言地位,在通用语与本土语言间寻求平衡。文章系统梳理了非洲语言政策存在的问题,从顶层设计、执行保障、发展动力三个维度,分别在政策的制定、实施,以及认识并重视语言经济价值、借鉴中国经验层面提出解决问题的对策。围绕问题分析和优化策略得出有益启示:语言政策的制定与实施有赖于稳定的政治环境;需妥善处理各语言之间的关系;应通过中非交流、经验互鉴、为非洲语言发展提供中国方案,推动非洲中文教育、中非文明互鉴迈向新高度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interplay of unique historical processes and colonial imprint has forged an exceptionally distinctive and complex linguistic ecology in African countries. Against the background of advancing the Belt and Road Initiative and building China-Africa Community with a Shared Future,enhancing research on African countries’ language policies not only responds to the urgent needs of the times,but also facilitates in-depth mutual learning between Chinese and African civilizations and comprehensive cooperation between the two sides. To preserve their linguistic and cultural heritage and achieve steady and rapid development,African countries need to significantly elevate the status of native languages,strike a proper balance between colonial official languages and local native languages. This paper systematically sorts out the prominent problems in Africa’s language policies,and puts forward countermeasures from three dimensions:top-level policy design,implementation guarantee and development momentum,including optimizing policy formulation and enforcement,attaching importance to the economic value of languages,and learning from China’s practical experience. Relevant conclusions are drawn as follows:the formulation and implementation of language policies rely on a stable political environment;It is essential to properly coordinate the relations among various languages;Sino-African exchanges and experience sharing can provide Chinese solutions for the development of African languages,thereby elevating Chinese language education and Sino-African civilizational exchange to a new level.更多还原