【摘要】 针对推进剂中Al@PVDF体系存在有机层热滞后的问题以及对氧化剂高氯酸铵（AP）催化的需求，提出了一种基于还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）的组分-结构协同优化策略；采用喷雾干燥构建了Al@PVDF@RGO/AP有序微元，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了其层级结构特征；通过同步热分析及动力学计算探究了RGO对体系热分解行为及反应能垒的影响，结合燃烧现象与冷凝产物（CCPs）揭示了其燃烧调控机理。结果表明，质量分数3%RGO的添加降低了热分解势垒，使AP的分解温度从421℃降至395℃,活化能从174.5kJ/mol降至127.8kJ/mol;同时提高了能量输出，放热量由1483J/g提升至2189J/g;微元结构显著改善了“口袋模型”现象，并增强了RGO对AP的催化能力，推进剂最大升压提升至4.83MPa,压力指数降至0.20;点火延迟缩短至13ms,冷凝产物粒径(D_[4,3])从54.019μm降至13.7μm。表明基于RGO对Al、AP进行结构调控可实现推进剂热力学与燃烧动力学性能的协同提升，实现了“燃料活化”与“氧化剂催化”的双效协同。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the thermal hysteresis of the organic layer in Al@PVDF-based propellants and the catalytic requirements for the oxidizer, ammonium perchlorate（AP）, a synergistic component-structure optimization strategy based on reduced graphene oxide（RGO） is proposed. Ordered Al@PVDF@RGO/AP micro-units were constructed by using a spray-drying technique, and their hierarchical structures were characterized by SEM. The impact of RGO on the system′s thermal decomposition behavior and reaction barriers via simultaneous thermal analysis and kinetic computations were explored. The combustion regulation mechanism was revealed by correlating combustion phenomena with the condensed combustion products（CCPs）. The results indicate that the addition of 3% RGO by mass lowered the thermal decomposition barrier, reducing the decomposition temperature of AP from 421℃ to 395℃ and the activation energy from 174.5kJ/mol to 127.8kJ/mol, respectively. Simultaneously, the energy output was enhanced, with a heat release increasing from 1483J/g to 2189J/g. The micro-unit structure significantly mitigated the “pocket model” phenomenon and amplified the catalytic effect of RGO on AP. The maximum pressurization of the propellant increased to 4.83MPa, while the pressure exponent decreased to 0.20. Additionally, the ignition delay time was shortened to 13ms, and the particle size of condensed combustion products（CCPs） was significantly reduced from 54.019μm to 13.7μm(D_[43]). This demonstrates that the structural modification of Al and AP by RGO enables the synergistic enhancement of solid propellants thermodynamic and combustion kinetic properties. This approach realizes the dual synergy of “fuel activation” and “oxidizer catalysis”.更多还原