【摘要】 为明确雪茄烟品种海研101在福建烟区的配套栽培技术措施，采用L₉（3⁴）正交试验研究移栽期（A1:3月5日；A2:3月15日；A3:3月25日）、株距（B1:40 cm; B2:37 cm; B3:35 cm）、留叶数（C1:18片；C2:20片；C3:22片）三因子及其组合处理对海研101生长和发酵后烟叶化学成分、物理特性、茄衣产出率以及综合品质的影响。结果表明：（1）从单因素分析来看，移栽期推迟时，发酵后烟叶烟碱含量先降低后升高，氯含量升高，拉力先增加后降低，茄衣产出率降低；随株距减小，株高和发酵后雪茄烟叶氮碱比、叶质重、单叶重均为先增后减，茄衣产出率先降低后升高；随留叶数增加，发酵后烟叶总氮含量先增后减，茄衣产出率先减后增，烟叶的叶宽降低。（2）影响农艺性状的主要栽培因子为移栽期与株距；影响烟叶化学成分的主要栽培因子为株距；影响烟叶物理特性的主要栽培因子为移栽期与株距；影响烟叶茄衣产出率的主要栽培因子是移栽期。（3）综合评价中，T1处理（A1B1C3,即移栽期3月5日、株距40 cm、留叶数22片）表现最好。结合综合评价结果和经济性状，福建烟区种植海研101的适宜栽培技术组合措施为：3月5日移栽，株距40 cm,留叶数22片。更多还原

【Abstract】 To optimize the cultivation practices for the cigar tobacco variety Haiyan 101 in Fujian tobacco-growing areas, an L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three factors and their interactions—transplanting date（A1: March 5; A2: March 15; A3: March 25）, plant spacing（B1: 40 cm; B2: 37 cm; B3: 35 cm）, and number of retained leaves（C1: 18; C2: 20; C3: 22）—on growth of Haiyan 101, as well as chemical composition, physical properties, wrapper yield, and overall quality of cured leaves after fermentation. The results were as follows.（1） From the perspective of single-factor analysis, with the delay of transplanting date, the nicotine content of fermented tobacco leaves firstly decreased and then increased, the chlorine content increased, the tensile strength firstly increased and then decreased, and the cigar wrapper yield rate decreased. With the reduction of plant spacing, the plant height, and the nitrogen-alkaloid ratio, leaf mass per unit area and single leaf mass of fermented cigar tobacco leaves firstly increased and then decreased, while the cigar wrapper yield rate firstly decreased and then increased. With the increase of the number of retained leaves, the total nitrogen content of fermented tobacco leaves firstly increased and then decreased, the cigar wrapper yield rate firstly decreased and then increased, and the leaf width decreased.（2） The main cultivation factors affecting agronomic traits were transplanting date and plant spacing; the main cultivation factor affecting the chemical compositions of tobacco leaves was plant spacing; the main cultivation factors affecting the physical properties of tobacco leaves were transplanting date and plant spacing; the main cultivation factor affecting the cigar wrapper yield rate was transplanting date.（3） In the comprehensive evaluation, the treatment T1（A1B1C3, transplanting on March 5 with plant space of 40 cm and 22 retained leaves per plant） performed the best. Integrating the comprehensive assessment results and economic traits, the optimal cultivation protocol for Haiyan 101 in Fujian tobacco-growing areas was recommended as transplanting on March 5 combined with plant space of 40 cm and retaining 22 leaves per plant.更多还原