【摘要】 碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)在常规的钻削加工方法中因具有较大的扭矩和轴向力，容易产生毛刺、分层等加工缺陷。超声振动辅助钻削能有效降低扭矩和轴向力，抑制分层、清除毛刺，从而提高加工表面质量。本文基于Hashin准则判定纤维损伤，Puck准则预测基体损伤，建立并通过实验验证了超声振动钻削CFRP模型。随后探究了在钻削过程中发生的损伤类型和原因，并分析了加工参数对钻削CFRP轴向力的影响。通过对麻花钻在超声振动下的运动路径进行分析，研究不同振幅下超声振动产生的间歇切削效应对钻削CFRP扭矩、轴向力和分层因子的影响。结果表明，随着主轴转速的增大和麻花钻进给速度的降低，轴向力逐渐减小。在振幅为0～12μm下，扭矩和轴向力随着振幅的增大而逐渐降低，但随着振幅的增加分层因子先减小后增大，在振幅为10μm时最小。因此当振幅为10μm时，超声振动同时对扭矩、轴向力和分层因子起到良好的减小效果，扭矩和轴向力分别从振幅为0μm时的20.06 N·mm和30.47 N下降到12.49 N·mm和18.96 N，分层因子从2.07下降到1.23，这对孔内壁缺陷起到改善作用，提高了加工表面质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 During conventional drilling processes, due to significant torque and axial forces, carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite(CFRP) is prone to machining defects such as burrs and delamination. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted drilling can effectively reduce torque and axial forces, suppress delamination, remove burrs, and improve the quality of the machined surface. In this paper, based on the Hashin criterion for determining fiber damage and the Puck criterion for predicting matrix damage, a CFRP model for ultrasonic vibration-assisted drilling was established and validated by experiment. Subsequently, the types and causes of damage occurring during the drilling process were investigated, and the influences of machining parameters on the axial forces of drilling CFRP were analyzed. By analyzing the motion path of the twist drill under ultrasonic vibration, the influences of the intermittent cutting effect generated by ultrasonic vibration on the torque, axial force and delamination factor of drilling CFRP at different amplitudes were studied. The results indicate that the axial force gradually decreases with the increase of spindle speed and the decrease of feed speed of twist drill. Within an amplitude range of 0-12 μm, both torque and axial force gradually decrease with the increase of amplitude. However, the delamination factor first decreases and then increases with rising amplitude, which is the minimum gained at an amplitude of 10 μm. Therefore, when an amplitude is 10 μm, favorable reducing effects on torque, axial force, and delamination factor are achieved simultaneously, and the torque and axial force decrease from 20.06 N·mm and 30.47 N at an amplitude of 0 μm to 12.49 N·mm and 18.96 N, respectively, while the delamination factor is reduced from 2.07 to 1.23. This ameliorates hole inner wall defects and improves the machined surface quality.更多还原