【摘要】 智能折纸结构是融合传统折纸几何的可折展特性与智能材料可控响应特性的创新结构体系。该类结构既保留了折纸结构高效折叠与展开的核心优势，又能在外界刺激下实现自适应驱动与形态重构，在航空航天、智能装备等工程领域展现出巨大应用潜力。其中，克鲁斯林结构作为典型折纸构型，因轴向位移自由度灵活、力学性能优异，为变体机翼等动态结构设计提供了新思路，本文围绕克鲁斯林智能折纸结构的设计、制备与性能展开系统研究。首先，定义克鲁斯林单元核心结构参数并提出芯子设计方法，采用4D打印技术，使用聚乳酸(PLA)作为实验载体并打印折纸基本单元，验证其形状记忆变形特性。而后，基于ABAQUS有限元软件，引入Prony级数与Williams-Landel-Ferry(WLF)方程，利用结构的黏弹性力学特性与时温等效特性模拟结构的形状记忆行为，并针对克鲁斯林芯子设计偏动式与全动式变形模式。最后，结合材料冷却定型特性，对芯子结构开展常温下的压缩试验。结果表明，打印单元形状记忆行为良好，100℃下恢复时间较80℃缩短22.3%，循环次数增加会延长恢复时间并降低最大恢复角度；对结构的形状记忆模拟中，发现结构升温加载时应力应变骤升，冷却定型后应力微降、应变稳定，再次升温恢复形状时产生残余应力应变，且芯子的两种变形模式均能实现出色形状记忆驱动。平压试验显示，Ⅱ型克鲁斯林芯子比Ⅰ型在比吸能、平均压溃力、弹性段峰值力及弹性段行程分别提高了30.3%、32.45%、64.38%和46.65%。，为智能克鲁斯林结构工程应用提供数据支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Smart origami structures are an innovative class of structures that integrate the deployable characteristics of traditional origami geometry with the programmable responses of smart materials. These structures not only retain the core advantages of efficient folding and deployment of origami but also enable adaptive actuation and morphological reconfiguration under external stimuli, underscoring their broad potential in aerospace and advanced equipment. The Kresling structure, as a representative origami configuration, provides a novel approach for the design of dynamic structures like morphing wings owing to its flexible axial displacement degrees of freedom and superior mechanical performance. The structural parameters of the Kresling cell were first defined, and a design methodology for the Kresling core was proposed. Subsequently, 4D printing with polylactic acid(PLA) was employed to fabricate the origami unit, and its shape memory deformation behavior was verified. Numerical analyses were then conducted using the finite element software ABAQUS, in which the Prony series and the Williams-Landel-Ferry(WLF) equation were introduced to describe the viscoelastic behavior and time-temperature superposition characteristics of the structure, thereby enabling simulations of the shape memory response of both the unit cell and the Kresling core. In addition, partially actuated and fully actuated deformation modes were designed for the Kresling core. Finally, by considering the cooling-induced shape-fixing characteristics of the material, compression tests were performed at room temperature. Results show that the printed units exhibit favorable shape memory behavior. The recovery time at 100 ℃ is 22.3% shorter than that at 80 ℃. However, an increase in cycle number prolongs the recovery time and reduces the maximum recovery angle. Simulations indicate that stress and strain rise rapidly during heating and loading. After cooling and shape fixing, the stress decreases slightly while the strain remains stable, and during reheating for shape recovery, residual stress and strain are generated. The simulations validate the proposed approach, demonstrating that both deformation modes of the Kresling core achieve excellent shape memory actuation. The compression tests demonstrate that the specific energy absorption, average crushing force, peak force of the elastic section and stroke of the elastic section of type Ⅱ Kruslin core have increased by 30.3%, 32.45%, 64.38% and 46.65% respectively compared with type I, providing a quantitative basis for the engineering application of smart Kresling structures.更多还原