【摘要】 目的 系统评价自身免疫性疾病患者中Janus激酶（JAK）抑制剂血栓栓塞风险。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library关于自身免疫性疾病患者使用JAK抑制剂的随机对照试验（RCT），检索时限为自建库起至2025年3月。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估纳入RCT的质量。使用Stata 15软件进行网状Meta分析。结果 纳入68项RCT，包括39 059例患者。网状Meta分析结果未发现JAK抑制剂与安慰剂、甲氨蝶呤、肿瘤坏死因子-α抑制剂、阿普米司特、奥替利单抗在血栓栓塞发生风险上存在显著差异。结论 现有证据显示，在自身免疫性疾病患者中使用JAK抑制剂并不会增加血栓栓塞风险。为明确JAK抑制剂长期安全性，未来需开展大规模、长期随访的真实世界研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To systematically review the thromboembolic risk of Janus Kinase(JAK) inhibitors.Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to March2025. Quality was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias-2. Stata 15 software was used for network meta-analysis. Results A total of 68 randomized controlled trials with a sample size of 39 059 were included. Findings did not show a significant difference between JAK inhibitors and placebo, methotrexate, tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, apremilast, otilimab in the risk of thromboembolism. Conclusion JAK inhibitors do not increase thromboembolism risk. To clarify the longterm safety of JAK inhibitors, future large-scale real-world studies with long-term follow-up are needed, especially in patients at risk of thromboembolism.更多还原