【摘要】 老旧小区量大面广，房屋安全问题是事关民生的重要问题。近年来，全国各地开展的城市体检工作已逐步建立起从城区、街区、社区到住房的多层级指标体系，已积累大量的城市基础数据，为老旧小区房屋安全治理问题提供有效的切入点。为响应国家创新房屋安全管理方式的需求，文章以城市体检为基础，结合专项房屋体检和专业检测鉴定，构建一套老旧小区房屋结构安全问题分级筛查与评估方法；并以上海市嘉定区某街道的创新应用为例，验证该方法通过“城市体检—房屋体检—检测鉴定”三级递进机制，可实现从街道总体初筛到社区单体详查，再到构件精准诊断的全过程覆盖，以期为老旧小区房屋安全管理与风险防控提供科学高效的技术路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Old residential communities are large in quantity and extensive in coverage,and housing safety is a critical issue bearing on people’s livelihood.In recent years,urban examination initiatives rolled out across China have gradually developed a multi-tier indicator system spanning urban districts,blocks,communities,and individual housing units,amassing a rich pool of basic urban data.This provides an effective entry point for addressing housing safety governance in old residential communities.In response to the national demand for innovating housing safety management methods,this paper develops a hierarchical screening and assessment method for structural safety issues of buildings in old residential communities,based on urban examinations,and integrated with dedicated building examinations and professional testing and appraisal.Taking the innovative application in a subdistrict of Jiading District,Shanghai as a case,this paper verifies that this method,through the three-level progressive mechanism of “urban examination–building examination–testing and appraisal”,can achieve full-process coverage:from the overall preliminary screening at the subdistrict level,to the detailed inspection of individual buildings in the community,and then to the precise diagnosis of structural components.This study is intended to provide a scientific and efficient technical pathway for building safety management and risk prevention and control in old residential communities.更多还原