【摘要】 依据殷墟甲骨文，“日”有祭名的用法。祭名“日”，应该是在白天进行祭祀的意思。“日”祭的对象主要是人鬼，有以下几类：一是先公，二是先王，三是先兄，四是先妣，五是先母，六是其他鬼神。有时对象是河，即河神。“日”祭的祭牲，有“牛”“羊”“羌”等。“日”祭的辅助祭仪，有“宾”“”“”“侑”等。祭名“日”还可以表示举行“日”祭的处所，这种“日”一般作介词“于”“自”的宾语，“于”“自”前的动词一般是运动动词，如“往”“各”“入”等。“各”后的介词“于”可以省略，即“各于日”可省略为“各日”，“各日”并不是落日的意思。卜辞中没有“日西”这样的短语，应释为“日囟”，“日”仍是表示举行日祭的场所，“囟”是“就”的意思。祭名“日”及其所在短语可以表示举行日祭的时间，可以出现在介词“于”之后，也可以出现在语气副词“叀”之后；还可以出现在表示祭祀礼仪的“遘”之后，“遘”与祭名“日”及其所在短语之间，可以用介词“于”，也可以不用。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the oracle bone inscriptions from the Yin Ruins, the character “Ri”（日） functions as a sacrificial name, referring to rituals conducted during the day. The primary objects of the “Ri” sacrifices are ghosts and ancestral spirits, categorized as follows: first, the deceased father; second, the deceased kings; third, the deceased elder brothers; fourth, the female ancestors; fifth, the deceased mothers; sixth, other ghosts and gods. In some cases, the river deity is also the sacrificial object. The sacrificial animals for the “Ri” sacrifices include cattle, sheep, and Qiang people. Auxiliary sacrificial rites for the “Ri” sacrifices include bin（宾）, you(), sui(), you（侑）, and others.The term “Ri” can also denote the location of these sacrifices, often appearing as the object of prepositions like yu（于） or zi （自）. The verb preceding yu or zi is usually a motion verb, such as wang （往）, ge （各）, or ru （入）.The preposition yu after ge （各） can be omitted, so geyuri （各于日） can be simplified to geri（各日）, which does not signify sunset. The phrase rixi（日 西） is absent from divination texts and should be interpreted as rixin（日 囟）,where “Ri” still indicates the location of the “Ri” sacrifices, and xin（囟） means “to approach”. “Ri” and its associated phrases can indicate the timing of sacrifices, appearing after the preposition yu or the modal adverb hui（叀）and may follow gou（遘）, which denotes sacrificial rites. Between gou and “Ri” or its phrases, the preposition yu can be used or omitted.更多还原