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从义理诠释到生命诠释——孙奇逢对孔子易学的理解与辩护

From Interpretation of Meanings-principles to Interpretation of Life:Sun Qifeng’s Understanding and Defense of Confucius’s Yi Studies

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【作者】 刘萍;

【Author】 LIU Ping;

【机构】 山东大学哲学与社会发展学院;

【摘要】 面对朱熹“三圣分观”论对孔子易学所造成的价值冲击,孙奇逢以“《易》无二易”说进行了批驳,重申了孔子《易传》对伏羲、文王思想的接续性。他注意到孔子在时的视域下以浑融易理之心释《易》的独特价值,并据此提出“《易》未必尽同”,在生发必然性的意义上为孔子义理释《易》之理路作辩护。孙奇逢着眼于孔子易学与其主体生命的贯通,指出孔子易学是超越文本注释而上达于生命的诠释,故“孔子是一部《易》”。此一生命诠释的最大意义在于揭示了个体之人将《易》之象、爻落实于生命中的可能与意义,促使人们以易的眼光重新审视人生,让自己的一言一动皆成为“易”的实现方式,在鲜活的易的世界中践行主体之生命。

【Abstract】 In the face of the value challenge of Zhu Xi’s “separated understanding of the three sages’(Fu Xi, Duke Zhou, King Wen) contribution to the Changes” theory on Confucius’ Yi studies, Sun Qifeng(1584-1675) refuted it with the theory that “there are no discrepancies in the three sages’ interpretation of the Yijing” and reiterated the continuity of Confucius’ Yi zhuan on the thoughts of Fuxi and King Wen. He noticed the unique value of Confuciuss interpretation of the Changes from the perspective of timeliness with his heart focused on the wisdom in the Zhouyi. Based on this, he proposed that “the interpretation of the Yijing may not be totally identical”, defending Confucius’ hermeneutics in the perspective of inevitability. Sun Qifeng focuses on the connection between Confucius’ Yi scholarship and his own life, pointing out that Confucius’ s Yi scholarship is an interpretation that goes beyond textual annotations and arrives at life itself. Therefore, Confucius himself is a manifestation of the Changes. The greatest significance of this interpretation of life lies in revealing the possibility and meaning of individual’s implementing the images and lines of the Changes in their lives, prompting people to reevaluate life with the perspective of the Changes, making every word and action a way to realize the Yi, and practicing the subject life in the vivid world of the Changes.

【关键词】 孙奇逢; 孔子; 朱熹; 易; 时;
【Key words】 Sun Qifeng; Confucius; Zhu Xi; Yi; time;
【基金】 2021年度山东大学人文社科重大项目(21RWZD02);岳麓书院《周易》经学研究博士学位论文资助项目(YLZYBS202407)
  • 【分类号】B221;B249.9
  • 【下载频次】60
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