【摘要】 为维护我国沿海渔业产区的社会稳定，降低捕捞产能，实现海洋渔业的可持续发展，我国自2003年起正式出台相关政策，积极引导海洋捕捞渔民转产转业。在政策执行的20年间，虽然渔船和海洋捕捞渔民的绝对数量均有所减少，但捕捞产量仍维持在高位，因此亟需优化转产转业政策执行过程，以促进海洋渔业资源可持续发展。山东省荣成市作为我国海洋渔业大县，海洋捕捞业曾位居全国前列，本研究利用史密斯政策执行模型，从政策本身、执行主体、目标群体、环境因素四个维度，深入剖析政策执行过程中面临的主要障碍。研究发现：在政策执行中存在多重现实梗阻，包括部分渔民通过“私下”买卖渔船等方式规避政策约束、执行主体间缺乏协同配合、渔民再就业缺乏资金和技能、行业经济政策对转产转业的引导效能不足等问题，针对存在问题，结合当地实际，提出了完善补贴标准及补贴模式、强化执行主体间的沟通协作、支持渔民企业平台建设、推进实施渔获物产出控制等建议，以期为我国海洋捕捞渔民转产转业政策研究提供典型案例参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to maintain social stability in China’s coastal fishery production areas, reduce fishing capacity, and achieve sustainable development of marine fisheries, China has officially introduced relevant policies since 2003, actively guiding marine fishermen to switch careers. During the 20 years of policy implementation, although the absolute number of fishing boats and marine fishermen has decreased, the fishing output has remained high. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the implementation process of the policy of changing production and business to promote the sustainable development of marine fishery resources. Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, as a major county in China’s marine fishery industry, once ranked among the top in the country in terms of marine fishing. This study uses the Smith policy implementation model to deeply analyze the main obstacles faced in the policy implementation process from four dimensions: policy itself, implementation subject, target group, and environmental factors. Research has found that there are multiple practical obstacles in policy implementation, including some fishermen evading policy constraints through "private" buying and selling of fishing boats, lack of coordination and cooperation among implementing entities, lack of funds and skills for fishermen’s reemployment, and insufficient guidance effectiveness of industry economic policies on transformation. In response to these problems and based on local conditions, suggestions have been put forward to improve subsidy standards and models, strengthen communication and cooperation among implementing entities, support the construction of fishing enterprise platforms, and promote the implementation of catch output control, in order to provide typical case references for the research of China’s marine fishing fishermen’s transformation policies.更多还原