【摘要】 目的 了解老年人接种流行性感冒（流感）疫苗的影响因素，为完善老年人群流感疫苗接种策略提供依据。方法 于2023年7月采用简单随机抽样方法在新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市5个街道各随机抽取1个社区，每个社区随机抽取≥60岁老年人开展问卷调查，收集人口学信息、流感和流感疫苗知识知晓情况、疫苗素养和过去1年接种流感疫苗情况等资料，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析老年人接种流感疫苗的影响因素。结果 回收有效问卷1 121份，问卷有效率为95.08%。调查男性417人，占37.20%；女性704人，占62.80%。60～<81岁901人，占80.37%。知晓流感和流感疫苗知识884人，知晓率为78.86%。疫苗素养低786人，占70.12%。接种流感疫苗235人，接种率为20.96%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄（71～<81岁，OR=1.607,95%CI:1.041～2.479；≥81岁，OR=1.719,95%CI:1.040～2.842）、文化程度（中学/中专，OR=0.616,95%CI:0.416～0.911）、医疗费用承担方式（职工医保，OR=6.531,95%CI:2.030～21.010；居民医保，OR=3.385,95%CI:1.095～10.466；公费，OR=4.828,95%CI:1.700～13.712）、接种意愿（有，OR=6.237,95%CI:3.277～11.871）、流感疫苗接种史（有，OR=14.600,95%CI:8.733～24.408）、疫苗素养（中等及以上，OR=2.412,95%CI:1.636～3.555）与老年人接种流感疫苗存在统计学关联。结论 老年人流感疫苗接种率较低，主要受到年龄、文化程度、医疗费用承担方式、接种意愿、流感疫苗接种史和疫苗素养的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of influenza vaccination among the elderly, so as to provide insights into improving the strategies for influenza vaccination among the elderly. Methods Elderly people aged 60 years and above were recruited from one community each in five sub-districts of Shihezi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region using a random sampling method. Demographic information, knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccines, vaccine literacy and influenza vaccination status in the past year were collected through questionnaire surveys.Factors affecting influenza vaccination among the elderly were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results Totally 1 121 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.08%. There were 417males(37.20%) and 704 females(62.80%). The majority were aged 60-<81 years, accounting for 80.37%(901 individuals). The awareness of knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccines was 78.86%. Low vaccine literacy was observed in 786 individuals, representing 70.12%. The influenza vaccination rate was 20.96%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age(71-<81 years, OR=1.607, 95%CI: 1.041-2.479; ≥81 years, OR=1.719, 95%CI: 1.040-2.842), educational level(middle school/technical secondary school, OR=0.616, 95%CI: 0.416-0.911), medical expense payment(employee medical insurance, OR=6.531, 95%CI: 2.030-21.010; resident medical insurance, OR=3.385, 95%CI:1.095-10.466; public expense, OR=4.828, 95%CI: 1.700-13.712), vaccination willingness(yes, OR=6.237, 95%CI: 3.277-11.871), influenza vaccination history(yes, OR=14.600, 95%CI: 8.733-24.408) and vaccine literacy(medium and above,OR=2.412, 95%CI: 1.636-3.555) were associated with influenza vaccination among the elderly. Conclusion The influenza vaccination rate among the elderly was relatively low, and was mainly affected by age, educational level, medical expense payment, vaccination willingness, influenza vaccination history and vaccine literacy.更多还原