【摘要】 目的 了解中小学生校园欺凌发生情况及影响因素，为制定校园欺凌干预措施，促进学生身心健康提供依据。方法 浙江省县（市、区）按城区和郊县分层，采用分层整群抽样方法抽取小学、初中和高中学生为调查对象，通过问卷调查收集基本信息、生活行为和校园欺凌等资料；采用多因素logistic回归模型分析中小学生校园欺凌的影响因素。结果 回收有效问卷137 846份，问卷有效率为97.17%。调查男生72 526人，占52.61%；女生65 320人，占47.39%。小学生47 561人，占34.50%；初中生47 701人，占34.61%；高中生42 584人，占30.89%。遭受校园欺凌3 987人，占2.89%；其中被恶意取笑、被有意排斥在集体活动外/孤立、被取笑身体缺陷/外貌、被打/踢/推/挤/关在屋里、被威胁恐吓和被索要财物分别占2.04%、1.18%、1.11%、0.86%、0.84%和0.83%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，男生（OR=1.122, 95%CI:1.048～1.202）、郊县（OR=1.322, 95%CI:1.233～1.418）、地区经济水平为中等（OR=1.086,95%CI:1.006～1.173）或欠发达（OR=1.298,95%CI:1.191～1.415）、较高学段（初中，OR=1.380,95%CI:1.270～1.499；高中，OR=1.210,95%CI:1.083～1.351）、住校（OR=1.489,95%CI:1.372～1.616）、打架（OR=6.029,95%CI:5.585～6.509）、尝试吸烟（OR=1.320,95%CI:1.128～1.545）、饮酒（OR=1.735,95%CI:1.575～1.912）、被家长打骂（OR=1.972,95%CI:1.822～2.135）和肥胖（OR=1.240,95%CI:1.132～1.360）的中小学生更容易遭受校园欺凌。结论应重视校园欺凌对中小学生身心健康的危害，采取积极的政策措施加强干预。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the situation and influencing factors of school bullying experienced by primary and middle school students, so as to provide the basis for formulating school bullying intervention measures and promoting students’ physical and mental health development. Methods All the counties(cities, districts) in Zhejiang Province were stratified to urban and suburban areas, primary, junior high and senior high school students were selected using a stratified cluster sampling method. Basic information, lifestyle and school bullying were collected through questionnaire surveys. Factors affecting school bullying experienced by primary and middle school students were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Totally 137 846 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 97.17%. There were 72 526 males(52.61%) and 65 320 females(47.39%). There were 47 561 primary school students(34.50%), 47 701 junior high school students(34.61%) and 42 584 senior high school students(30.89%). A total of 3 987 students suffered from school bullying, accounting for 2.89%. The proportions of being maliciously teased, being intentionally excluded from group activities/isolated, being teased about physical defects or appearance, being hit/kicked/pushed/shoved/locked in a room, being threatened, and being extorted for money were 2.04%,1.18%, 1.11%, 0.86%, 0.84% and 0.83%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the students who were males(OR=1.122, 95%CI: 1.048-1.202), lived in suburban areas(OR=1.322, 95%CI: 1.233-1.418),lived in areas with medium(OR=1.086, 95%CI: 1.006-1.173) or underdeveloped(OR=1.298, 95%CI: 1.191-1.415) economic level, had higher academic levels(junior high school, OR=1.380, 95%CI: 1.270-1.499; senior high school, OR=1.210, 95%CI: 1.083-1.351), lived on campus(OR=1.489, 95%CI: 1.372-1.616), engaged in fights(OR=6.029, 95%CI:5.585-6.509), attempted to smoke(OR=1.320, 95%CI: 1.128-1.545), drank(OR=1.735, 95%CI: 1.575-1.912), were scolded and beaten by parents(OR=1.972, 95%CI: 1.822-2.135) and were obese(OR=1.240, 95%CI: 1.132-1.360)were more likely to experience school bullying. Conclusion The harm of school bullying to the physical and mental health of primary and middle school students should be taken seriously, and active policy measures should be adopted to strengthen intervention.更多还原