【摘要】 目的：探讨脑梗死患者医院感染分布特征及其危险因素。方法：选取2023年1月1日—2024年6月30日福建医科大学附属第二医院神经内科脑梗死住院患者为研究对象，收集患者临床资料，回顾性分析患者的医院感染部位及病原菌分布特点，采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析脑梗死患者发生医院感染的危险因素。结果：2 320例患者中，发生医院感染89例，医院感染率为3.84%；感染部位以下呼吸道（70.79%）为主，检出病原菌以革兰阴性菌（81.08%）为主。多因素分析结果显示年龄、肢体活动障碍、侵入性操作、气管切开、住院天数、联合使用抗菌药物为脑梗死患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：脑梗死患者中年龄≥60岁者是医院感染的易感人群，感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主，病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，临床应根据脑梗死患者医院感染危险因素制定相应的预防与控制措施，以降低医院感染发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore of the distribution characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infections in patients with cerebral infarction. Method:Patients with cerebral infarction admitted to the Neurology Department of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were collected, and a retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the sites of nosocomial infections and distribution characteristics of pathogens. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with cerebral infarction. Result:Among the 2,320 patients, 89 cases of nosocomial infection were identified, yielding an infection rate of 3.84%. The primary infection site was the lower respiratory tract(70.79%), and the primary detected pathogen was Gram-negative bacteria(81.08%). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that age, limb movement disorders, invasive procedures, tracheotomy, length of hospital stay, and combination use of antibiotics were independent risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with cerebral infarction(P<0.05). Conclusion:Among patients with cerebral infarction, those aged ≥60 years are susceptible population to nosocomial infections, with lower respiratory tract infections being the most common site and Gram-negative bacteria being the predominant pathogens. Clinical practices should develop corresponding prevention and control measures based on the risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with cerebral infarction to reduce the incidence of such infections.更多还原