【摘要】 目的 了解血液净化护理人员职业暴露的现状，并分析其相关因素，从而为减少血液净化护理人员职业暴露提供依据。方法 2021年3月31日～4月7日，采用随机抽样的方法调查1 403名血液净化护理人员近1年内的职业暴露现状，并对收集的资料应用SPSS 25软件进行统计分析。结果 血液净化中心护理人员职业暴露危害因素中得分最高的前5项分别为接触患者液体、接触化学物质、工作中处于不良姿势、接触传染病高危人群、噪声刺激。单因素分析显示，不同医院类别、年龄、工龄、文化程度、职称的血液净化护理人员职业暴露危险因素总分的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。回归分析结果显示，三级医院和二级医院、工龄5年及以上、本科文化程度、主管护师及以上职称均是血液净化中心护理人员职业暴露的独立影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论 针对血液净化中心护理人员职业暴露的高危因素采取有效的职业防护干预措施，能够减少职业暴露的发生，降低职业危害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the current situation of occupational exposure among blood purification nursing staff, and to analyze its related factors, thereby providing a basis for reducing the occurrence of occupational exposure among blood purification nursing staff. Methods From March 31 to April 7, 2021, a random sampling method was used to investigate the occupational exposure of 1403 blood purification nursing staff in the past year. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS Statistics 25. Results The top five risk factors of occupational exposure of nurses in blood purification centers were contact with patient fluids, exposure to chemicals, poor posture at work, contact with high-risk patients of infectious diseases, and noise stimulation. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of occupational exposure risk factors among nurses in different hospital categories, ages, length of service, educational levels, and professional titles(P<0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that tertiary and secondary hospitals, length of service of 5 years or more, bachelor’s degree, and nurse-in-charge or above were independent influencing factors of occupational exposure of nursing staff in blood purification centers(P<0.05). Conclusion Effective occupational protection measures should be taken for nursing staff in blood purification centers, targeting the high risk factors of occupational exposure, which can help to reduce the occupational exposure and occupational hazards.更多还原