【摘要】 以上海崇明东滩盐沼湿地近海区域不同群落(生境)土壤种子库为研究对象，通过在温室内模拟潮汐作用，探究土壤盐度、淹水频率及其交互作用对土壤种子库萌发动态的影响。结果表明：崇明东滩盐沼湿地近海区域海三棱藨草[×Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter(Tang et F. T. Wang) Tatanov]群落、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora Loisel.)群落、芦苇[Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.]群落和光滩生境土壤种子库共萌发出13种植物，隶属于7科12属，其中海三棱藨草、马唐[Digitaria sanguinalis(Linn.) Scop.]和升马唐[Digitaria ciliaris(Retz.) Koeler]的总频度较高，分别为0.108、0.064和0.059。禾本科(Poaceae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)是崇明东滩盐沼湿地近海区域土壤种子库萌发植物群落的典型科。本地植物(海三棱藨草和芦苇)群落土壤种子库主要萌发海三棱藨草、马唐和升马唐；而入侵植物(互花米草)群落土壤种子库主要萌发马唐、升马唐和碱菀[Tripolium pannonicum(Jacquin) Dobroczajeva],其中碱菀仅在互花米草群落土壤种子库中萌发。海三棱藨草群落土壤种子库对不同盐度和淹水频率的适应性较强。除光滩生境外，其他3种群落土壤种子库在盐度0.0%、0.5%、1.0%和1.5%以及淹水频率1、3、7、10 d处理条件下均有海三棱藨草萌发。与对照(淡水湿润)处理条件相比较，不同盐度和淹水频率处理显著(P<0.05)降低了该区域土壤种子库萌发植物群落的植株密度和物种多样性。综上所述，在恢复崇明东滩盐沼湿地的本地植物群落时，利用土壤种子库是一个可行的途径，其中特别推荐海三棱藨草群落的土壤种子库。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the soil seed banks of different communities(habitats) in the coastal area of Chongming Dongtan salt marsh wetland in Shanghai as research objects, tidal action was simulated in a greenhouse to explore the effects of soil salinity, waterlogging frequency, and their interactions on the germination dynamics of soil seed banks. The results show that a total of 13 plant species belonging to 12 genera of 7 families germinate from the soil seed banks of × Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter(Tang et F. T. Wang) Tatanov community, Spartina alterniflora Loisel. community, Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. community, and the unvegetated habitat in the coastal area of Chongming Dongtan salt marsh wetland, among which the total frequencies of × B. mariqueter, Digitaria sanguinalis(Linn.) Scop., and Digitaria ciliaris(Retz.) Koeler are relatively high, which are 0.108, 0.064, and 0.059, respectively. The Poaceae and Cyperaceae are typical families of germinated plant communities in the soil seed banks of the coastal area of Chongming Dongtan salt marsh wetland. The soil seed banks of native plant(× B. mariqueter and P. australis) communities mainly germinate × B. mariqueter, D. sanguinalis, and D. ciliaris; while the soil seed bank of invasive plant(S. alterniflora) community mainly germinates D. sanguinalis, D. ciliaris, and Tripolium pannonicum(Jacquin) Dobroczajeva, among which T. pannonicum only germinates in the soil seed bank of S. alterniflora community. The soil seed bank of × B. mariqueter community exhibits relatively strong tolerance to different salinities and waterlogging frequencies. Except for the unvegetated habitat, the soil seed banks of the other three communities all have germination of × B. mariqueter under the treatment conditions of salinities of 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% and waterlogging frequencies of 1, 3, 7, and 10 d. Compared with the control(freshwater wetting) treatment condition, different salinity and waterlogging frequency treatments significantly(P<0.05) reduce the plant density and species diversity of the germinated plant communities in the soil seed banks of this area. In conclusion, utilizing the soil seed bank is a feasible approach when restoring native plant communities in Chongming Dongtan salt marsh wetland, and the soil seed bank of × B. mariqueter community is particularly recommended.更多还原