【摘要】 为明确泰安市菊花田节肢动物的物种组成、种群动态和群落特征，于2017—2018年采用棋盘式抽样法对泰安地区菊花害虫及其天敌的种类和数量进行系统调查。结果表明，菊花害虫及其天敌共70种，隶属于2纲11目44科。其中，害虫39种，包括叶蝉类(小绿叶蝉和大青叶蝉)、蚜虫类(棉蚜和菊小长管蚜)、菊花瘿蚊、植食性蝽类(谷子小长蝽、稻棘缘蝽和绿盲蝽)、短额负蝗和菊小筒天牛等；天敌31种，包括蜘蛛类(一种跳蛛和三突伊氏蛛)、瓢虫类(龟纹瓢虫和异色瓢虫)和日本通草蛉等。分析菊花主要害虫及其天敌的种群动态，发现天敌与主要害虫的发生在时间上表现出同步性。对菊花害虫及其天敌群落结构进行分析，两年的群落多样性指数较高，表明该地区菊花害虫及其天敌群落具有较好的稳定性。利用有序样本最优分割法将两年的菊花害虫及其天敌群落均划分为4个时段，分析了各时段害虫及其天敌的发生特点。研究结果对菊花害虫的防治和天敌的保护利用具有重要指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to clarify the species composition, population dynamics and community characteristics of arthropods in Chrysanthemum morifolium field in Tai’an City, the pests and their natural enemies on C. morifolium were systematically investigated by checkerboard sampling method in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that there were 70 species of the major pests and natural enemies on C. morifolium belonging to 44 families, 11 orders and 2 classes. There were 39 species of pests including leafhoppers(Empoasca flavescens and Cicadella viridis), aphids(Aphis gossypii and Macrosiphoniella sanborni), Diarthronomyia chrysanthemi, phytophagous true bugs(Nysius ericae, Cletus punctiger and Apolygus lucorum), Atractomorpha sinensis and Phytoecia rufiventria, etc., and 31 species of natural enemies including spiders(one species of jumping spider and Ebrechtella tricuspidata), ladybirds(Propylaea japonica and Harmonia axyridis), and Chrysoperla nipponensis, etc. Analysis of the population dynamics of main pests and their natural enemies on C. morifolium showed that the natural enemies temporally synchronized with the occurrence of pests. The community characteristics of the pests and their natural enemies on C. morifolium were analyzed. The community diversity indices were high in both 2017 and 2018, indicating that community structure of pests and natural enemies on C. morifolium had good stability. The temporal patterns of both pests and their natural enemies in 2017 and 2018 were divided into four temporal periods using optimal sorting method. The occurrence patterns of pests and their natural enemies at different temporal periods were analyzed. The results provide useful information for control of pests and conservation of natural enemies on C. morifolium.更多还原