【摘要】 为确保宁乡市一季稻田福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)的有效防控，2023年采用样方法和访查法对宁乡市29个乡镇(街道)一季稻田福寿螺的分布、危害及防控现状开展实地调查。结果显示：除沩山乡外，其余28个乡镇均存在福寿螺，平均密度8.82头/m~2,其中重度、中度、轻度危害的乡镇分别有8、18、2个，资福镇(46.12头/m~2)和大成桥镇(28.47头/m~2)为危害严重区域。四大流域中，乌江流域中游福寿螺的密度最高(46.15头/m~2),沩水流域次之，楚江与靳江流域的危害程度呈上游至下游递增的趋势。宁乡市一季稻田福寿螺的防控以化学法(39.38%)和综合法(21.23%)为主，其中85.22%的化学防控采用杀螺胺类药剂。直播稻田的受害风险显著高于插秧和抛秧田。建议重点加强资福镇、大成桥镇及乌江中游的福寿螺防控；在水稻种植方式上，宜采取插秧或抛秧方式。调查结果可为宁乡市一季稻田福寿螺防治政策的制定提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To ensure effective control of Pomacea canaliculatain single-cropping rice fields across Ningxiang City, a field investigation was conducted using quadrat sampling and interview surveys to assess the snail’s distribution, damage severity, and current control practices in 29 townships(subdistricts).Results revealed that Pomacea canaliculata infestations were present in 28 townships(excluding Weishan Township),with an average density of 8.82 individuals/m~2.Among which, 8 townships were classified as severely affected(>20 individuals/m~2),18 townships as moderately affected(5-20 individuals/m~2),2 townships as mildly affected(<5 individuals/m~2).The most severely impacted areas were Zifu Town(46.12 individuals/m~2) and Dachengqiao Town(28.47 individuals/m~2).The midstream of Wujiang River Basin exhibited the highest density(46.15 individuals/m~2),Weishui River Basin ranked second, Chujiang and Jinjiang River Basins showed increasing infestation trends from upstream to downstream.Current control measures predominantly relied on chemical methods(39.38%) and integrated management(21.23%),with 85.22% of chemical controls utilizing molluscicides such as niclosamide.Direct-seeded rice fields faced significantly higher infestation risks compared to transplanted or seedling-thrown fields.We recommend prioritizing control efforts in Zifu Town, Dachengqiao Town, and the midstream Wujiang River Basin, while advocating for transplanting or seedling-throwing practices to mitigate snail proliferation.This study provides critical data for formulating targeted management policies in Ningxiang City.更多还原