【摘要】 为了解长江中游红铃虫Pectinophora gossypiella耐寒性及滞育解除过程中的生理变化与机制，本文对越冬代滞育红铃虫4龄幼虫的过冷却点、冰点及耐寒物质变化进行了测定。结果表明，长江中游地区红铃虫越冬幼虫的过冷却点平均范围为-14.88～-14.06℃,冰点平均范围为-9.53～-5.63℃。各地理种群间过冷却点差异不显著，冰点差异显著，过冷却点与经纬度无相关性。在滞育解除过程中，第21天时红铃虫幼虫过冷却点和冰点出现显著上升，平均值分别为-10.2℃和-5.2℃;幼虫体内含水量变化呈缓慢增加的趋势，各处理间差异不显著；总糖、海藻糖、甘油含量及灰分元素含量随滞育的解除而显著下降，而糖原含量变化趋势则相反。可见，海藻糖等糖类和甘油等小分子多元醇在红铃虫滞育过程中发挥了重要的抗冻保护作用，并在滞育解除过程中可转化为糖原。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the cold tolerance and physiological changes during diapause termination in overwintering Pectinophora gossypiella from the middle reaches of Yangtze River, we measured the supercooling point, freezing point, and changes in cold-tolerant substances in diapause fourth-instar larvae. The results showed that the mean supercooling points ranged from-14.88℃ to-14.06℃, and the mean freezing points ranged from-9.53℃ to-5.63℃. No significant differences were found among the supercooling points of different geographic populations, whereas freezing points differed significantly. Supercooling points showed no correlation with latitude and longitude. During diapause termination, by day 21, both the supercooling point and freezing point increased significantly, with average values of-10.2℃ and-5.2℃, respectively. Larval water content showed a slight increasing trend with no significant differences among treatments. Total sugar, trehalose, glycerol, and ash element content significantly decreased during diapause termination, while glycogen content exhibited an opposite trend. These findings suggest that sugars such as trehalose and polyols such as glycerol play an important role in antifreeze protection during diapause and are gradually converted into glycogens as diapause terminates.更多还原