【摘要】 为推进乙氧氟草醚的衍生物A1、A2及乙羧氟草醚的衍生物B1、B2的商业化，以乙氧氟草醚和乙羧氟草醚这两种商品化的除草剂为对照，优化作物中除草剂残留提取方法，基于优化的提取方法并结合高效液相色谱仪检测上述6种除草剂在水稻、玉米、大豆、小麦和花生5种作物中的残留量，以这6种除草剂残留量最小的作物为对象，采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术分析这6种除草剂在其体内的代谢产物，基于代谢产物推测其可能的代谢途径，并测定最终代谢产物对小麦的安全性。结果表明：4种新型除草剂在不用作物中的残留量远低于两种商业化除草剂，残留量均比其同系物乙氧氟草醚和乙羧氟草醚低。优化的作物中除草剂残留量提取条件为MgSO₄用量4 g、超声辅助提取时间20 min、N-丙基乙二胺用量40 mg、净化阶段MgSO₄用量150 mg，此时作物中除草剂的回收率介于69.84%～106.88%之间。在300 g（a.i.）/hm²浓度下，4种除草剂代谢产物对小麦的发芽率无影响，对小麦生长指标仅有微弱影响。表明这4种新型PPO抑制剂类除草剂有替代传统药剂的潜力，可推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 To promote the commercialization of derivatives A1 and A2 of oxyfluorfen and derivatives B1 and B2 of benzofluorfen, two commercial herbicides, oxyfluorfen and benzofluorfen, were used as controls. The method for extraction of herbicide residues in crops was optimized. Based on the optimized extraction method and combined with high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, the residues of the above six herbicides in five crops, rice, maize, soybeans, wheat, and peanuts, were detected.The crop with the lowest residues of these six herbicides was selected as the target. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS） was employed to analyze the metabolites of these six herbicides in this crop. Based on the metabolites, the possible metabolic pathways were speculated, and the safety of the final metabolites to wheat was determined. The results showed that the residues of the four novel herbicides in different crops were significantly lower than those of the two commercial herbicides, and their residue levels were lower compared with their homologues, oxyfluorfen and benzofluorfen. The optimal extraction conditions determined with the optimized QuEChERS extraction method were as follows: the dosage of MgSO₄ was 4 g, ultrasound-assisted extraction time 20 min,the dosage of primary secondary amine（PSA） 40 mg, and the dosage of MgSO₄ in the purification stage 150 mg, resulting in the recovery rates of herbicides ranging from 69.84% to 106.88%. At a spraying concentration of 300 g（a.i.）/hm², the metabolites of the six herbicides had no impact on the germination rate of wheat and only had a slight influence on other growth indicators. Overall, these four novel PPO inhibitor herbicides have the potential to be promoted as alternatives to traditional herbicides.更多还原