【摘要】 为掌握我国西北地区苜蓿种子田中膜翅目传粉昆虫的优势种类，并测定其传粉效率，于2022年6月至2023年9月，对宁夏、甘肃和内蒙古等省区主要苜蓿种子产区的传粉昆虫进行扫网采样调查，并对筛选所得的优势传粉昆虫种类进行田间罩笼试验，测定其传粉效率以及对苜蓿种子产量的影响。结果表明：共收集到膜翅目传粉昆虫标本1 291头，包括切叶蜂科昆虫标本402头和其他传粉蜂类标本889头。其中切叶蜂科26种，优势种类为北方切叶蜂Megachile manchuriana和圆切叶蜂Megachile centuncularis；其他传粉蜂类昆虫53种，优势种类为西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera和苜蓿准蜂Melitta leporina。田间罩笼试验表明，人工释放切叶蜂可提升苜蓿的种子产量，传粉蜂的驯化利用能够显著提高苜蓿种子产量，是发展苜蓿种业的潜在增产措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 To identify the dominant Hymenoptera pollinators in alfalfa seed production fields in northwestern China and evaluate their pollination efficiency, sweep net samplings were conducted from June 2022 to September 2023 in major alfalfa seed-producing regions across Ningxia, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia. The dominant pollinator species identified from field samples were further evaluated using cage experiments to determine their pollination efficiency and impact on alfalfa seed yield. A total of 1 291 Hymenoptera pollinator specimens were collected, comprising 402 individuals from the family Megachilidae and 889 individuals from other bee families. Twenty-six Megachilidae species were identified, with Megachile manchuriana and Megachile centuncularis being dominant.Fifty-three species of the other pollinator bees were recorded, among which Apis mellifera and Melitta leporine were predominant. Results from the field cage experiments indicated that artificial release of Meg. rotundata significantly increased the alfalfa seed yield. These findings suggest that the domestication and utilization of pollinator bees, particularly cutting bees, hold great promise as a practical strategy for increasing alfalfa seed yield and supporting the development of the forage seed industry.更多还原