【摘要】 目的 了解北京市怀柔区病毒性腹泻病流行特征，为制定相关防控策略提供依据。方法 收集2012—2023年北京怀柔医院、怀柔区妇幼保健院等哨点医院肠道门诊腹泻病例的样本，采用反转录-聚合酶链反应（reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR）方法对粪便标本进行轮状病毒、诺如病毒、肠道腺病毒、星状病毒、札如病毒检测，对不同年度、不同月份、不同年龄、不同性别患者的致泻病毒阳性率进行统计分析。结果 2012—2023年共收集1 487例粪便标本，阳性检出573例，阳性率为38.53%；其中诺如病毒、轮状病毒检出率最高，阳性率分别为18.63%(277/1 487)、14.06%(209/1 487)；其次为肠道腺病毒（4.91%, 73/1 487）、星状病毒（4.37%, 65/1 487），札如病毒阳性率最低（1.34%,20/1 487）。病例以单一感染为主，混合感染中轮状病毒+诺如病毒（1.61%,24/1 487）的双重感染最常见。病毒性腹泻的流行特征呈季节性变化，冬季（52.88%,193/365）、春季（51.58%,196/380）阳性率最高，夏季（21.83%,81/371）阳性率最低（χ~2=120.866,P<0.01）。各年龄段人群普遍易感，青壮年阳性率较高。不同年龄段、不同性别病毒阳性率差异均无统计学意义。结论 北京市怀柔区2012—2023年病毒性腹泻病例中诺如病毒和轮状病毒检出率较高，病毒流行季节主要在冬春季，各年龄段均易发生感染。应加强对病毒性腹泻的监测及预防，降低大流行的风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in the Huairou district, Beijing, and to provide abasis for the formulation of relevant prevention and control strategies. Methods Samples from diarrhea cases at sentinel hospitals, including Beijing Huairou Hospital and Huairou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, were collected from 2012 to 2023. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect rotavirus, norovirus, enteric adenovirus, astrovirus, and sapovirus in fecal specimens. SPSS 19. 0 software was used to statistically analyze the positivity rate of diarrhoea-causing viruses in patients of different years, months, ages, and genders. Results A total of 1 487 fecal samples were collected from 2012 to 2023, with 573 testing positive, resulting in a positive rate of 38. 53%. Among these, norovirus(18. 63%, 277/1 487) and rotavirus(14. 06%, 209/1 487) had the highest detection rates, followed by enteric adenovirus(4. 91%, 73/1 487) and astrovirus(4. 37%, 65/1 487), while sapovirus had the lowest positive rate(1. 34%, 20/1 487). Single infections predominated, with the most common dual infections being norovirus and rotavirus(1. 61%, 24/1 487). The epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea showed seasonal changes, with the highest positive rates in winter and spring(52. 88%, 193/365; 51. 58%, 196/380), and the lowest in summer(21. 83%, 81/371) （ χ~2=120. 866, P<0. 01）. All age groups showed susceptibility, with a higher positive rate among young adults. The differences in positivity rates between different age groups and between different genders were not statistically significant. Conclusion The detection rates of norovirus and rotavirus in viral diarrhea cases in Huairou district, Beijing, from 2012 to 2023 were notably high, with seasonal peaks primarily in winter and spring. All age groups were susceptible to infection. Enhanced monitoring and prevention of viral diarrhea are essential to reduce the risk of outbreaks.更多还原