【摘要】 【目的】同垄种植能进一步提高玉米（Zea mays L.）花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）间作（玉米‖花生）产量优势，探明其土壤有效磷分布特征及作物磷吸收利用特点，为玉米‖花生可持续高产栽培提供理论和技术依据。【方法】试验于2023—2024年在河南科技大学农场进行，采用大田随机区组试验，以平作种植玉米‖花生（FIC）为对照，在不施磷（P₀）和180kg P₂O₅·hm^-2(P₁₈₀)条件下，研究同垄种植（RIC）对玉米‖花生0—60 cm土层土壤有效磷分布特征及作物磷吸收利用的影响。【结果】在水平方向上，FIC处理0—60 cm土层土壤有效磷分布呈“■”（平缓）特征，而RIC呈“■”（垄状）特征，P₁₈₀条件下“低-高-低”的“■”（垄状）特征更加凸显；RIC较FIC处理有利于提高种植单元内0—40 cm土层土壤有效磷含量，P₁₈₀条件下提高18.38%—21.29%，达到显著水平；RIC较FIC处理可缓解种间磷营养竞争，促进玉米和花生各器官磷含量提升，显著增加磷积累量，并促进磷向玉米籽粒和花生果仁分配；RIC较FIC处理显著提高间作玉米、间作花生和间作体系磷吸收量和产量，其中磷吸收量提高幅度分别为18.83%—32.62%、24.08%—41.78%和21.06%—37.14%（P<0.05）。P₁₈₀较P₀能进一步提高土壤有效磷含量及间作玉米和花生各器官磷含量，促进间作体系磷吸收，显著提高玉米、花生产量和间作优势。【结论】相较于平作种植，同垄种植能进一步提高玉米‖花生产量优势，关键在于其改善了0—60 cm土层土壤有效磷分布，提高了种植单元内0—40 cm土层土壤有效磷含量，缓解种间磷营养竞争，促进玉米、花生对磷的吸收及向籽粒中分配，施磷具有显著的正向调控作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】Co-ridge planting can further enhance the yield advantage of maize（Zea mays L.） and peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.） intercropping（maize‖peanut）. This study aimed to explore the distribution characteristics of available phosphorus in maize‖peanut soil and the characteristics of phosphorus absorption and utilization in crops under the co-ridge planting, which could provide theoretical and technical basis for sustainable high-yield cultivation of maize‖peanut. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in the farm of Henan University of Science and Technology from 2023 to 2024, using a field randomized block experiment. Under the conditions of no phosphorus（P₀） and 180 kg P₂O₅·hm^-2(P₁₈₀), the effects of co-ridge planting of maize and peanut intercropping（RIC） on the distribution characteristics of soil available phosphorus in 0-60 cm soil layer as well as the absorption and utilization of phosphorus by crops in maize‖peanut were studied with flat planting of maize and peanut intercropping（FIC） as the control. 【Result】In the horizontal direction, the distribution of soil available phosphorus in 0-60 cm soil layer under FIC treatment exhibited “■”（gentle） characteristics, while under RIC treatment, it showed “■”（ridge） characteristics, under P₁₈₀ the “low-high-low” “■”（ridge） characteristics was more prominent. Compared with FIC, RIC was beneficial to increase the soil available phosphorus content in the 0-40 cm soil layer within the planting unit, which significantly increased by 18.38%-21.29% under P₁₈₀. Compared with FIC, RIC alleviated the interspecific phosphorus nutrition competition, increased the phosphorus content of intercropping maize and peanut, significantly increased the phosphorus accumulation, and promoted the phosphorus distribution to maize grain and peanut seed. Compared with FIC, RIC significantly increased the phosphorus absorption and yield of intercropping maize, intercropping peanut, and intercropping system, within the increase range of phosphorus absorption being 18.83%-32.62%, 24.08%-41.78% and 21.06%-37.14%, respectively（P<0.05）. Compared with P₀, P₁₈₀ could further increase soil available phosphorus content and phosphorus content in maize and peanut, promote phosphorus absorption in intercropping system, and significantly increase maize and peanut yield and intercropping advantage. 【Conclusion】The co-ridge planting could further improve the yield advantage of maize‖peanut compared with flat planting. The key lied in the fact that it improved the available phosphorus distribution in 0-60 cm soil and increased the available phosphorus content in the 0-40 cm soil layer of the planting unit, alleviated the interspecific phosphorus nutrition competition, and promoted the absorption of phosphorus in maize and peanut and its distribution to seed. Phosphorus application had a significant positive regulation effect.更多还原