【摘要】 为探索适宜辣椒种植的硅肥用量，深入研究不同硅肥用量对辣椒生长发育、产量及品质的影响，以‘辛香2号’辣椒为试验材料，采用盆栽试验，分析不同硅肥用量水平下，辣椒生长过程中叶片SPAD值、光合特性、农艺性状、产量以及品质指标的动态变化。研究结果显示，与常规施肥相比，在结果前期，各施硅处理下辣椒叶片净光合速率提高了14.07%～17.76%；在结果中后期，Si3（常规施肥+硅肥0.3 g/盆）、Si5（常规施肥+硅肥0.5 g/盆）处理下辣椒叶片净光合速率分别增加了16.16%、21.14%。辣椒株高和果实横径呈现出随硅肥用量增加而上升的趋势。Si3、Si5处理的辣椒产量较常规施肥分别增加了28.21%、65.63%。施硅处理的辣椒维生素C含量显著高于未施硅处理。在Si3处理下，辣椒可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量达到最高，较NPK处理（不施加硅肥的常规施肥）分别提高了20.82%、47.35%。同时，施硅处理显著降低了辣椒硝酸盐含量，较NPK处理下降了33.34%～34.95%。综上所述，施用硅肥不仅能够提高辣椒的产量，还可有效改善果实品质。在本试验条件下，每盆增施0.5 g硅肥（相当于每公顷增施75 kg硅肥）时，对辣椒生长和品质提升的效果最为显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the appropriate application amount of silicon fertilizer for pepper cultivation, the effects of different silicon fertilizer levels on the growth, yield and quality of pepper were studied. By adopting pot test and using ’Xinxiang No.2’pepper as the test material, this experiment analyzed the changes about the leaf SPAD value, photosynthetic characteristics, related agronomic traits, yield and quality indexes of peppers.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, the net photosynthetic rate of pepper leaves increased by 14.07% to 17.76% under the silicon application treatments in the pre-fruiting period. The net photosyntheticrateofpepperleavesincreasedby 16.16%underSi3 treatment(conventionalfertilization+silicon fertilizer 0.3 g/pot) and 21.14% under Si5 treatment(conventional fertilization+ silicon fertilizer 0.5 g/pot) in the middle to late fruiting period. The height of pepper plants and fruit diameter increased with the increase of silicon fertilizer usage. The yield of Si3 and Si5 treatments increased respectively by 28.21% and 65.63%. The vitamin C content of chili peppers treated with silicon fertilizer treatments was significantly higher than that of the conventional fertilization. The soluble protein and soluble sugar contents were the highest under the Si3 treatment, which increased respectively by 20.82% and 47.35%, compared with that of the conventional(NPK)treatment(non-silicon fertilizer). The nitrate content of the peppers of silicon fertilizer treatments was significantly reduced, which decreased by 33.34% to 34.95% compared with that of NPK treatment. In conclusion, the application of silicon fertilizer can not only improve the yield of pepper, but also improve the fruit quality. For pepper, applying 0.5 g of silicon fertilizer per pot(equivalent to applying 75 kg of silicon fertilizer per hectare) has the best effect.更多还原