【摘要】 高速列车在明隧交替运行工况下承受波动剧烈的隧道压力波，面临车内压力舒适性劣化的问题。为更深入理解高原地区压力传递机制，为车内压力波动的有效控制提供指导，本文构建了一种车内压力波动模型，并通过仿真研究验证了该模型的可行性。该模型在气体非理想状态方程与多变过程方程框架的基础上，通过热力学第一定律与连续性方程描述气体的热量与质量传递过程，最终实现车内压力模型的建立。利用不同车型与多种隧道工况的实验数据，通过均方根误差、决定系数、峰-峰值误差以及压力变化率等多项指标对仿真结果进行评估，结果表明所提出模型结果与实测压力信号高度一致，证明该模型具有较高的精度与工程适用性。本研究为高原地区高速列车车内压力舒适性评估提供了指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pressure comfort of passengers and crew in high-speed trains faces significant challenges under alternating open-tunnel conditions. To better understand the mechanism of pressure transmission and control interior pressure fluctuations in high-altitude regions, this study develops an interior pressure fluctuation model. By establishing the frameworks of the non-ideal gas state equation and the polytropic process equation, gas heat transfer and mass transfer were expressed through the first law of thermodynamics and the continuity equation. Simulation results, evaluated by root mean square error, coefficient of determination, peak-to-peak error, and pressure change rate, show that the proposed model closely aligns with measured signals in both overall trends and local details. Data from various train types and tunnel scenarios further demonstrate the model’s accuracy and practical applicability. This study provides a critical foundation for evaluating interior pressure comfort for high-speed trains in high-altitude regions.更多还原