【摘要】 为了深入理解航空发动机内微小冰晶的结冰机理，建立基于焓-孔隙率方法的微小冰晶融化模型，并通过可视化实验对该模型进行验证，研究环境温度和初始粒径对冰晶融化特性的影响规律。研究结果表明：冰晶融化时间的数值模拟结果与实验测量值最大偏差不超过12%；由于环境气体的自然对流作用，冰晶的融化均从顶部开始；随着融化过程的进行，冰芯逐渐变成非球形，当融化过程快结束时，冰芯呈贝壳状；由于冰的密度低于水的密度，当冰芯粒径较小时(融化率约为70%)，会在浮力的作用下向上漂浮；冰晶的融化开始时间与初始粒径呈线性关系，与环境温度呈幂函数关系；冰晶的融化时间与初始粒径呈幂函数关系，与环境温度呈线性关系。本研究可为冰晶结冰数值预测模型的优化及航空发动机冰晶结冰科学防护手段的建立提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enrich the understanding of the icing mechanism of ice crystals in aircraft engines, a micro ice crystal melting model was established based on the enthalpy-porosity method. The accuracy of the model was verified through visual experiment. The effects of environmental temperature and initial particle size on the ice crystal melting behavior were explored. The results show that the calculated melting time matches well with the experimental results, with the maximum deviation less than 12%. The ice crystal melting always begins from the top caused by natural convection. As the melting proceeds, the ice core gradually becomes non-spherical, and at the end of the melting, it is shell-shaped. Due to the lower density of ice compared to water, when the ice core is smaller with the melting ratio at around 70%, it floats and move upward under the action of buoyancy and capillary force of the water film. The melting onset of the ice crystal shows a linear relationship with the initial particle size, while it exhibits a power function with the environmental temperature. The melting time of ice crystals follows a power function with the initial particle size and a linear relationship with the environmental temperature.更多还原