【摘要】 随着人工智能高速发展，机器人大规模应用对劳动力市场的冲击愈发显现。文章使用国际机器人联合会提供的机器人数据与中国劳动力动态调查数据，实证考察了机器人应用与农民工就业质量之间的关系。研究表明：（1）机器人应用显著提升了农民工就业质量，相应效应突出地表现在降低工作强度、提高工作稳定性和福利保障水平等方面；（2）机器人应用可通过提升技能需求、提高生产率和促进产业协同集聚来改善农民工就业质量；（3）机器人应用对受教育程度较高、新生代、非体力劳动及位于互联网发展水平较高城市的农民工就业质量的提升效应更明显；（4）机器人应用会引致农民工从常规技能向非常规技能的转换，思考能力、社交能力和语言表达能力较强的农民工就业质量提升更明显。本文为积极推动“人工智能+”行动、全方位提高农民工就业质量以及扎实推进共同富裕提供了经验证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid devel opment of artificial intelligence, the impact of large-scale application of robots on the labor market is becoming increasingly significant. This paper empirically examines the impact of robot application on the employment quality of rural migrant workers using robot data provided by the International Federation of Robotics and data from the China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey. The results show that the application of robots significantly improves the employment quality of rural migrant workers, and the effects of reducing work intensity, improving work stability, and enhancing welfare levels are more pronounced. Robot application can improve the employment quality by increasing skill demand, improving productivity, and promoting industrial synergy and agglomeration. Robot application has more positive effects on more educated, new-generation, non-manual labor and those who live in higher internet development regions. The extended analysis reveals that robot application lead to a shift from cognitive to non-cognitive skills, and that the impact on rural migrant workers with better thinking skills, social skills and communication skills is larger. This paper provides empirical evidence for actively promoting the "AI+" initiative, comprehensively improving the employment quality of rural migrant workers, and promoting common prosperity.更多还原