【摘要】 细胞外囊泡(Extracellular vesicles, EVs)是由细胞释放到细胞外环境中的小型膜结构颗粒，可携带多种生物分子，包括蛋白质、脂质、mRNA、miRNA和其他非编码RNA等，在生物体内扮演着多种角色，包括细胞间通讯、免疫调节、组织修复等。顶复门原虫(Apicomplexa)是一类具有相似的亚细胞结构和保守的入侵机制的专性细胞内寄生原虫，包括疟原虫(Plasmodium)、弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)、隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium)、巴贝斯虫(Babesia)和艾美耳球虫(Eimeria)等，均可引起多种疾病。顶复门原虫分泌的细胞外囊泡可介导宿主和寄生虫之间的相互作用，影响宿主的免疫反应和细胞内环境。本文针对细胞外囊泡的形成、组成及其在顶复门原虫研究中的进展作一综述，以期为基于EVs的顶复门原虫病防治提供新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Extracellular Vesicles(EVs) are small membrane particles released by a range of cells into the extracellular environment, which carry a variety of cargo, containing proteins, lipids, mRNA,miRNA and other non-coding RNAs. Meanwhile, it plays several roles in vivo, including intercellular communication, immune regulation, tissue repair and so on. Apicomplexa is a group of obligate intracellular parasities with similar subcellular structure and conserved invasion mechanism. These contain Toxoplasma gondii,Cryptosporidium,Plasmodium,Babesia,and Eimeria,all of which can cause a variety of diseases. The extracellular vesicles secreted by Apicomplexa, mediating the interaction between host and parasite, influencing the host immune response and intracellular environment. This review surveys the available information on the formation and composition of extracellular vesicles and their progress of Apicomplexa, in order to provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of Apicomplexa protozoa diseases based on EVs.更多还原