【摘要】 时滞项导致数控机床切削过程中产生强迫振动，在其随机激励作用下引发颤振。颤振诱因复杂、采用单一因素难以准确判别，降低了机床的颤振控制精度。因此，提出基于轴热误差补偿的数控机床切削颤振控制。通过最小二乘法与回归分析算法计算出主轴形变量，并实施反向形变补偿，排除轴热误差因素对数控机床切削颤振造成的负面干扰影响，提高切削过程的稳定性。通过切削力与线圈电流之间的相互影响关系，构建Toeplitz矩阵，读取突变电流幅值，以准确判断颤振的发生。在此基础上利用人工蜂群算法，实现切削参数的自适应寻优，动态调整切削条件以抑制颤振，完成数控机床切削颤振控制。实验表明，将加速度的均方根值控制在0.2 m/s~2以内，减少生产工件表面振纹，切削稳定性指数平均为0.94,所提方法能够有效缓解切削颤振，缓解数控机床作业过程中的主轴偏移问题，提升了数控机床的加工精度和稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The time delay term causes forced vibration during the cutting process of CNC machine tools, which leads to chatter under its random excitation. The complex causes of chatter and the difficulty in accurately identifying them using a single factor have reduced the precision of machine tool chatter control. Therefore, a CNC machine tool cutting chatter control based on axis thermal error compensation is proposed. By using the least squares method and regression analysis algorithm to calculate the spindle deformation, and implementing reverse deformation compensation, the negative interference caused by shaft thermal error factors on the cutting chatter of CNC machine tools is eliminated, and the stability of the cutting process is improved. By analyzing the mutual influence between cutting force and coil current, a Toeplitz matrix is constructed to accurately determine the occurrence of chatter by reading the amplitude of sudden changes in current. On this basis, the artificial bee colony algorithm is used to achieve adaptive optimization of cutting parameters, dynamically adjust cutting conditions to suppress chatter, and complete CNC machine tool cutting chatter control. Experiments have shown that controlling the root mean square value of acceleration within 0.2 m/s~2 can reduce surface vibration patterns on the production workpiece, with an average cutting stability index of 0.94. The proposed method can effectively alleviate cutting chatter, alleviate spindle offset problems during CNC machine tool operation, and improve the machining accuracy and stability of CNC machine tools.更多还原