【摘要】 绞吸挖泥船疏浚作业时采用1根钢桩和2根横移缆实现平面定位。首先分析该船柔性定位系统模型试验的相似准则，设计试验模型，在水池中针对不同波高、波浪周期和浪向角等环境条件，开展自由衰减试验、白噪声波及规则波中的试验，测定模型水动力特性和动力响应。结果表明，在高海况下可通过增大船体动态响应缓冲连接构件承受的冲击载荷，缓冲油缸两腔室初始的油压差异使柔性台车在正、负纵摇方向呈现显著不对称的响应。柔性台车的缓冲设计能有效降低作用在钢桩上的载荷，缓冲效果在大波高和长周期波的海况中更加明显。该试验装置有效模拟了液压缓冲特性，为绞吸挖泥船柔性定位系统优化设计和动力特性研究提供了试验依据和工程参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cutter suction dredger(CSD) employs one spud and two side wires for planar positioning during dredging operations, exhibiting complex motions and dynamic responses under marine environmental loads. This study first analyzes the scaling laws required for model testing of the CSD’s flexible positioning system. A scaled physical model—comprising the main hull, cutter ladder, flexible spud carriage, positioning spud, and side wires—was constructed and tested in the basin. Free decay tests, white noise tests, and regular wave tests were conducted under various environmental conditions, including wave height, period, and direction, to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics and dynamic responses of the model. The results indicate that the flexible system can buffer impact loads on connecting components by increasing the CSD’s dynamic response under high sea states. A difference in initial oil pressure between the two chambers of the buffer cylinder leads to a significant asymmetric response of the flexible carriage in the positive and negative pitching directions. The tests also demonstrate that the flexible carriage effectively reduces the spud load, with the buffering effect becoming more pronounced under higher wave heights and longer wave periods. This test setup effectively simulates hydraulic buffering behavior and provides an experimental basis and engineering reference for the optimal design and dynamic characteristic analysis of the CSD flexible positioning system.更多还原