【摘要】 人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化发展背景下，生态空间规划的重要性日益彰显。如何促使生态系统服务权衡向服务间协同转化是生态空间规划研究的核心议题之一。基于生态系统服务权衡协同转化视角，揭示权衡协同内涵与两者转化的可能性，明确权衡协同转化以关键生态系统服务类型与评估尺度为价值判断依据，阐释生态空间异质性决定权衡协同异质性。从“效应评估”“驱动力解析”和“格局塑造”3个方面建构以关键生态系统服务协同增益为目标的生态空间格局优化思路。以芜湖市为例，通过分析生态系统服务权衡协同转化规律、关键驱动力及其作用，建构多情景生态空间格局方案的优化路径，以期为生态系统服务权衡协同理论的实践应用指引方向，同时创新生态空间格局优化手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban ecological space is composed of ecological elements such as "mountains, water, forests, felds, lakes, grasses and sands", and is the green base and ecological foundation of urban and rural development, not only providing a spatial carrier for plants and animals and a variety of processes in natural ecology, but also an important place for human production, life and other socioeconomic activities, which is closely related to sustainable urban and rural social development. A good urban ecological space system can help maintain the stability of ecosystems at the regional level and promote the coordination of urban economic development and natural ecosystem protection. Urban ecological space has the basic attribute of supplying a variety of ecosystem services, and it is a fundamental requirement for ecological spatial planning to give full play to the benefts of the comprehensive supply of multiple ecosystem services in ecological space. However, there may be trade-ofs and synergy between diferent ecosystem services, and the trade-of will lead to a decrease and increase in the supply of ecosystem services, which will have a negative impact on the utilization of the comprehensive benefts of ecosystem services. At the same time, the synergy efect will help the ecological space to enhance the comprehensive supply benefts of multiple ecosystem services and promote the maximization of the comprehensive benefits of ecosystem services. In the context of Chinese modernization and development of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature, national land spatial planning places more emphasis on the synergy of spatial multiple values. As a core tool of territorial spatial planning, how ecological space planning can facilitate the transformation of ecosystem service trade-off into synergy is the core topic of current research. Despite the deepening of the theory of ecosystem service trade-off and synergy, there is still a lack of ways to apply the theory to the optimization of ecological spatial patterns. In order to make up for this lack of research, this study takes the connotation of ecosystem service trade-off and synergy as a premise, clarifies the spatial heterogeneity and transformability of ecosystem service trade-off and synergy, explains the necessity of transforming ecosystem service trade-off into synergy in the process of ecological space pattern optimization, and generalizes the idea of promoting ecosystem service trade-of into synergy in the optimization of ecological space patterns into three core links: 1) Efect assessment: Measuring the spatial and temporal characteristics of key ecosystem service trade-off and synergy. 2) Driving force analysis: Analyzing the key spatial pattern mechanisms for the shift from trade-of to synergy. 3) Pattern shaping: multi-scenario simulation of ecological spatial patterns based on the characteristics of key pattern factors. Meanwhile, Wuhu City in Anhui Province, China is used as a study case to verify the above ideas. Specifcally, in this study, the net primary productivity and habitat quality indices were used to characterize two key ecosystem services in Wuhu City, namely agricultural product supply and biodiversity maintenance, respectively, and the bivariate local spatial autocorrelation index was used to identify the spatial and temporal changes in the trade-of and synergy of the key ecosystem services in Wuhu City during the period from 1990 to 2020. In addition, a Bayesian network was used to construct the infuence characteristics between potential drivers and the trade-of and synergy of key ecosystem services, and to quantify the infuence efects of dominant drivers on the trade-of and synergy of key ecosystem services. Finally, based on the infuence of the dominant drivers, the Patch-level Land Use Simulation model(PLUS) was used to obtain the regional ecological space simulation scenarios of the trade-off of key ecosystem services in Wuhu City. The multiple scenarios were reevaluated by Bayesian network to obtain the optimal ecological space pattern that promotes the transformation of ecosystem service trade-of to synergy. The results of the study showed that: 1) there were dominant factors that contributed to the transformation of ecosystem service trade-of into synergy. The proportion of forested land, elevation and urban construction land were the dominant driving factors for the synergistic transformation of ecosystem service trade-of in Wuhu City, and the landscape pattern factor had an important infuence on the synergistic transformation of ecosystem service trade-of. 2) Thresholds existed for dominant factors to transform ecosystem service trade-offs towards synergy. When the proportion of forested land is in the middle-value range and the proportion of urban construction land is in the low-value range, the possibility of synergy of the two key ecosystem services in Wuhu City is higher. 3) Multi-scenario modeling allows for urban ecological space planning scenarios with different landscape compositions and structures, which will help to transform the relationships between ecosystem services. This study confrms that the ecological space pattern optimization method based on "effect assessment-driver analysis-pattern shaping" can effectively transform ecosystem service trade-of into ecosystem service synergy. The results of this research may expand the ideas of future ecological space planning and provide knowledge support for the optimization of ecological space patterns.更多还原