【摘要】 为探究铁合金固废协同制备微晶玻璃的低碳路径并阐明工艺对性能的作用机制，以硅锰渣与铬铁渣为原料，系统对比了Petrurgic熔融法与一步烧结法的工艺特性及其“成分-工艺-性能”关联规律。通过调控原料配比（8∶2、6∶4、4∶6）,并结合X射线衍射（XRD）、差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、扫描电镜（SEM-EDS）及力学性能测试等多尺度表征，发现两种工艺均在950℃下实现最优晶化，但受原料特性与析晶机制调控差异的影响，所得样品的性能呈现显著差异。熔融法因Cr₂O₃作为晶核剂降低混合熔渣冷却析晶过程的析晶温度，促进辉石和橄榄石的析出，三维的长条状橄榄石镶嵌在均匀分布的细小辉石颗粒（5～20μm）中，起到增强力学性能的作用，使铬铁渣质量分数为60%的样品抗折强度达101 MPa（吸水率0.37%）;而烧结法因橄榄石与玻璃基质热收缩差异产生界面裂纹，需掺入质量分数为80%的硅锰渣提升液相量，使抗折强度达到28.7 MPa（吸水率10.4%）。研究表明，熔融法通过晶核效应适合直接利用铬铁渣为主的熔渣浇铸制备微晶玻璃，而烧结法适合利用堆存的玻璃质的硅锰渣为主原料制备微晶玻璃，两者分别建立了固废高值化利用的优化路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate low-carbon pathways for the synergistic utilization of ferroalloy solid wastes in glass-ceramic preparation and clarify the mechanism of sintering impact on performance, the technological characteristics of the Petrurgic melting method and one-step sintering method were systematically compared using silicomanganese slag（SMS） and ferrochromium slag（FCS） as raw materials, with a focus on unraveling the "composition-process-performance" correlation. By adjusting the SMS/FCS mass ratios（8∶2,6∶4,4∶6） and employing multi-scale characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction（XRD）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy（SEM-EDS）, and mechanical tests. It is found that both processes achieve optimal crystallization at 950 ℃. However, significant performance discrepancies arise due to differences in raw material properties and crystallization mechanisms. In the melting method, Cr₂O₃ in FCS acts as an effective nucleating agent, lowering the crystallization temperature during the cooling and crystallization process of the mixed molten slag and promoting the precipitation of augite and forsterite. The three-dimensional elongated forsterite is embedded in uniformly distributed fine augite grains（5-20 μm）, which enhances the mechanical properties, leading to a bending strength of 101 MPa（water absorption 0.37%） for the sample with 60% FCS. In contrast, in the sintering method, interfacial cracks are generated due to the thermal contraction mismatch between forsterite and the glass matrix. To address this, 80% SMS is added to increase the liquid phase content, achieving a bending strength of 28.7 MPa（water absorption 10.4%）. The study demonstrates that the melting method, leveraging the nucleation effect, is suitable for direct casting of FCS-dominated molten slag to prepare glass-ceramics, while the sintering method is suitable for utilizing stockpiled SMS as the main raw material. These two methods establish optimized pathways for the high-value utilization of solid wastes.更多还原